水土保持研究2025，Vol.32Issue(1)：235-242,8.DOI:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.01.016
石灰性土夏玉米—冬小麦作物体系硫铵替代减磷增效研究
Study on phosphorus reduction and efficiency increase of ammonium sulfate substitution measure under summer maize-winter wheat cropping system on calcareous eum-orthic anthrosols
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The aims of this study are to examine the effect of phosphorus fertilizer reduction combined with ammonium sulfate substitution of urea measure,and provide the basis for rational application of phosphorus fertilizer to maintain high crop yields under summer maize-winter wheat cropping system on calcareous Eum-Orthic Anthrosols.[Methods]A 3-year field experiment was set up under summer maize-winter wheat cropping pattern in the field with calcareous Eum-Orthic Anthrosols in Guanzhong,Shaanxi Province.The four treatments were included:control(CK,no P fertilizer applied),conventional phosphorus application(CP,annual P application rate of 180 kg P2O5/hm2,spreading),reduced phosphorus fertilizer(RP,annual P application rate of 134 kg P2O5/hm2,strip-localized application),and reduced phosphorus fertilizer combined with substitution of ammonium sulphate for urea(RPSA,the P application rate was the same as that of RP,strip-localized application).Crop and soil samples were collected to determine yields,phosphorus fertilizer efficiency and soil phosphorus levels at harvest stage.The root morphology and mycorrhizal infection rate of wheat were measured at the jointing stage.[Results]Compared with CK,the grain yields of maize and wheat were significantly increased in all phosphorus application treatments(CP,RP and RPSA)by 17.3％～24.8％and 5.1％～19.0％,respectively.The soil pH was significantly reduced for all treatments applied phosphorus except for RP.In all phosphorus application treatments,compared with CP,crop yield of RP decreased significantly by 14.6％in 2018-2019,whereas the phosphorus recovery rate and partial productivity increased.Compared with RP,RPSA significantly reduced soil pH,increased soil available phosphorus(Olsen-P)and microbial biomass phosphorus(MBP)content,and increased the densities of root length,root surface area,root volume,root dry weight,and mycorrhizal infection rate of wheat root.The Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was significant negative correlation between soil pH and phosphorus level,root morphology and yield.The results of RDA showed that soil pH was the most important environmental factor affecting the mycorrhizal infection rate,root morphology and yield of wheat.[Conclusion]The phosphate fertilizer reduction combined with ammonium sulfate instead of urea can reduce the pH of calcareous soil,increase the content of available phosphorus,microbial biomass P,the growth of wheat roots and the mycorrhizal infection rate,which is an effective regulating measure to reduce phosphorus fertilizer application amount and to increase the P efficiency under summer maize-winter wheat cropping pattern on calcareous Eum-Orthic Anthrosols.关键词
硫铵替代尿素/减磷增效/根系形态/菌根侵染率Key words
ammonium sulphate substitution/phosphorus reduction and efficiency improvement/root morphology/mycorrhizal infection rate分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
董海霞,胡捧娟,范浩博,赵云,高明霞,杨学云,冯浩,孙本华..石灰性土夏玉米—冬小麦作物体系硫铵替代减磷增效研究[J].水土保持研究,2025,32(1):235-242,8.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1900300) （2023YFD1900300）
国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0200205) （2017YFD0200205）
大唐集团农光互补项目农业板块科技研究(DTDL-XNY-2023-025) （DTDL-XNY-2023-025）
