中国水利Issue(22)：17-25,9.
三峡水库有效库容监测分析与长期保持对策建议
Monitoring and evaluation of effective storage capacity of the Three Gorges Reservoir and strategic suggestions for its long-term maintenance
摘要
Abstract
The Three Gorges Reservoir has been in operation for over 20 years since its impoundment in 2003.Through continuous hydrological and sediment monitoring and tracking analysis,the study of sedimentation has achieved fruitful results.The actual measured data shows that the sediment accumulation in the mainstream reservoir area of the Three Gorges Reservoir had reached 1.8014 billion cubic meters from 2003 to 2023.The sediment accumulated in the effective storage capacity of the main and tributaries in the reservoir area was 160 million cubic meters,accounting for 0.72%of the total.The vertical sedimentation distribution of the reservoir was in the form of a delta.After 2012,the sedimentation delta entered a stable development stage.In the long term,the proportion of sedimentation in the delta section and below to the dam section will remain at around 2/3 and 1/3 respectively.Effective storage capacity siltation mainly occurs in the upper section of the delta.When the elevation of the beach reaches a level higher than the flood control water level,a small amount of wide cross-section will cause rapid loss of effective storage capacity,which should be regarded as the main reservoir section to reduce effective storage capacity.When the flood brings a large amount of sand,overall submergence of the delta beach surface should be avoided.The water level of 150 meters in front of the dam is a key constraint indicator for controlling the effective storage capacity of the reservoir.Since 2012,the Three Gorges Reservoir has carried out flood season sediment peak discharge scheduling and drawdown period sediment reduction scheduling experiments at the tail of the reservoir,in order to reduce sediment.It shows that adopting optimized scheduling shall effectively reduce loss caused by sedimentation.These measures mainly include optimizing dynamic changes of water level and scheduling sand peak discharge during the flood season,reducing sedimentation at the tail of the reservoir during the drawdown period and dredging.Measures of target section and key control indicators are proposed to provide technical support for ensuring the safety of reservoir capacity.关键词
三峡水库/水库泥沙淤积/有效库容/长期保持/减淤措施Key words
the Three Gorges Reservoir/reservoir sedimentation/effective storage capacity/long-term maintenance/measures to reduce sedimentation分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
胡春宏,方春明,关见朝..三峡水库有效库容监测分析与长期保持对策建议[J].中国水利,2024,(22):17-25,9.基金项目
中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目(0704229) （0704229）
三峡后续工作项目(12630100100023J046). （12630100100023J046）
