同位素取代制备硝酸铵及其性能表征OA北大核心CSTPCD

Two types of 15N substituted ammonium nitrate,namely 15NH4NO3 and NH415NO3,were prepared by using isotope substitution technique to replace 14N in ammonium nitrate(NH4NO3)with 15N.The apparent morphology and chemical struc-ture of N substituted ammonium nitrate were investigated using scanning electron microscopy,infrared spectroscopy,and X-ray diffraction.Its density,decomposition temperature,hygroscopicity,sensitivity,detonation velocity,and heat of explosion were tested by true density analyzer,differential scanning calorimeter,desiccator equilibrium method,and micro-charge laser ignition technique.The results show that,compared with common ammonium nitrate,the chemical structure of 15N substituted ammonium nitrate is almost unchanged.The density of NH415NO3 and 15NH4NO3 increases from 1.72 g/cm3 to 1.75 g/cm3 and 1.76 g/cm3,the hygroscopic speed decreases to 97.1％and 95.2％,respectively.And the sensitivity and thermal stability are al-most the same.The detonation performance tested by a self-built micro-charge laser ignition device show that the detonation velocity of NH415NO3 and 15NH4NO3 increases to 6610m/s and 6680m/s,and the heat of explosion increases to 3 730kJ/kg and 3840kJ/kg,respectively,proving that stable isotope substitution technology can be an alternative to further enhance the performance of existing high-energy materials.