张鹏 1李新锐 1李天宇 1刘慧 1许诚 2郭浩 1陈松 1吕智星1
作者信息
- 1. 中国兵器工业火炸药工程与安全技术研究院,北京 100053
- 2. 西安近代化学研究所,西安 710065
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
To identify the risks of the phloroglucinol method for the synthesis of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene(TATB),a safety risk assessment was conducted.Utilizing the risk matrix method and characteristic temperature grading meth-od,the thermal risk parameters associated with nitration,alkylation,and amination reactions in the synthesis process were tested using differential scanning calorimeter,reaction calorimeter,and adiabatic accelerating calorimeter,and the values of TMRadand TD24 were also predicted.Combining with the study of reaction mechanisms and the exothermic characteristics of the reaction systems under process conditions,the process hazard level was assessed.The thermal stabilities of 1,3,5-trihydroxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene(TNPG),1,3,5-triethoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene(TETNB),and TATB were investigated by using DSC method.The non-isothermal kinetic parameters and thermodynamic parameters were calculated using Kissinger and Ozawa methods.Results show that the process hazard is rated as level 5 for both nitration and alkylation processes,indicating high ex-plosion risk.While the process hazard is rated as level 1 for amination process.The mechanical sensitivity of TNPG,TETNB,and TATB demonstrate a certain correlation with their apparent activation energies.The greater the apparent activation energy,the less the sensitivity to mechanical stimulation.关键词
安全工程/有机化学/1,3,5-三氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯/TATB/风险评估/含能材料/钝感弹药Key words
safety engineering/organic chemistry/1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene/TATB/risk assessment/energetic materials/insensitive ammunition分类
军事科技
