种植模式与灌溉定额对棉花生长发育及产量和纤维品质的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD

[Objective]This research aims to explore the impact of planting pattern and irrigation quota on the growth,yield,and fiber quality of cotton in southern Xinjiang.[Methods]Using Xinluzhong 67 as the experimental material,field trial was conducted in Tumxuk City,Xinjiang in 2023.Two planting patterns were set:(66 cm+10 cm)wide and narrow row configuration(M1),and 76 cm equal row spacing configuration(M2).Three irrigation quotas were set:3 600 m3·hm-2(W1),4 500 m3·hm-2(W2),and 5 400 m3·hm-2(W3).The differences in soil moisture content,cotton plant height,stem diameter,leaf area index,photosynthetic performance,yield,irrigation water use efficiency,and fiber quality under different treatments were compared.Additionally,the entropy weight technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)was applied for a comprehensive evaluation to identify the optimal treatment.[Results]All treatments showed the largest increase in average soil moisture content in 0-30 cm soil layer after irrigation during the flowering and boll-setting stage(12.18-15.13 percentage point),followed by 30-60 cm soil layer.Under the same irrigation quota,the average soil moisture content in 0-30 cm soil layer after irrigation of M2 treatment was higher than that of M1 treatment.Under the same irrigation quota,plant height,stem diameter,and leaf area index under M2 treatment were higher than those under M1 treatment.Under the same planting pattern,plant height,stem diameter,and leaf area index of cotton all increased with the increasing of irrigation quota.During the flowering and boll-setting stage,the net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of leaf under M2W2 treatment were significantly higher than other treatments.The seed cotton yield of M2W2 treatment was the highest,which was significantly increased by 3.26％-17.70％compared with other treatments,and its irrigation water use efficiency was significantly higher than that of M1W2,M1W3,and M2W3 treatments.M2W1 treatment had the highest irrigation water use efficiency.The cotton fiber of M2W2 treatment showed the largest uniformity index,the upper half mean length and breaking elongation were also higher.The evaluation results of entropy weight TOPSIS method indicated that M2W2 treatment had the optimal overall performance.[Conclusion]Adopting the planting pattern of 76 cm equal row spacing with an irrigation quota of 4 500 m3·hm-2 can effectively promote the growth and development of cotton,and improve the seed cotton yield and fiber quality in southern Xinjiang.