河北省中南部地区温室黄瓜低温致灾类型分类研究OACSTPCD
Classification of Low Temperature Disaster Types of Greenhouse Cucumber in Central and Southern Hebei
旨在建立一套针对河北省中南部地区设施蔬菜生产中低温致灾的气象服务指标体系,以期为开展温室冻害风险等级预警预报提供支撑,进一步提升农业气象服务精准度.于2017年12月—2022年2月,研究在典型节能型日光温室中,以'津优6号'黄瓜为试材,并张挂遮阳网建立低温寡照环境,开展了一系列盆栽试验来探究低温寡照对日光温室黄瓜幼苗生长的影响.采用通径分析,明确对温室低温环境形成温室外气象要素,并依据室外气象要素进行了温室低温日数的聚类分析.结果表明:(1)冀中南日光温室低温致灾的室内最低气温指标为10℃;(2)温室内日最低气温与当日日照、前日最低湿度和前日日照相关不显著,与其他气象因子均呈极显著或显著正相关;前日平均气温、最高气温,当日平均气温、最低气温及前日最低气温较低时,温室内的日最低气温下降明显,易造成温室内的黄瓜等瓜果蔬菜致灾;(3)根据温室外天气条件将冻害分为3种类型:晴冷型、寡照型、混合型,2017年12月—2022年2月不同类型冻害日数分别为12 d、22 d、36 d,分别占总日数的17.14%、31.43%、51.43%,建立了三类群室内最低气温与室外显著相关气象要素的回归模型.研究结果明确了冀中南日光温室低温致灾的室内气象指标并对低温致灾类型进行了划分,为温室冻害风险等级预报提供了支撑.
The aim of this paper is to establish a meteorological service index system for the disaster caused by low temperature in greenhouse vegetable production in central and southern Hebei Province,in order to further improve the accuracy of agricultural meteorological service for the risk level prediction of greenhouse freezing damage.From December 2017 to February 2022,a typical energy-saving solar greenhouse was selected with'Jinyou No.6'cucumber as the test material.The low-temperature oligolighting environment was established by hanging sunshade net,and the effect of low-temperature oligolighting on the growth of cucumber seedlings in the solar greenhouse was studied by pot experiment.(1)The lowest indoor meteorological index of disaster caused by low temperature in solar greenhouse in south Hebei Province was 10℃.(2)The daily minimum temperature in the greenhouse had no significant correlation with the sunshine of the day,the minimum humidity of the day before and the sunshine of the day before,but had extremely significant or significant positive correlation with other meteorological factors;when the average temperature of the previous day,the maximum temperature,the average temperature of the previous day,the minimum temperature and the minimum temperature of the previous day were lower,the daily minimum temperature in the greenhouse dropped obviously,which was easy to cause disaster to cucumbers and other fruits and vegetables in the greenhouse.(3)Frost damage was divided into three types according to weather conditions outside the greenhouse:From December 2017 to February 2022,the number of freezing damage days of different types was 12 d,22 d and 36 d,accounting for 17.14%,31.43%and 51.43%of the total number of days,respectively.A regression model was established for the indoor minimum temperature of the three groups and the significant correlation between outdoor meteorological elements.The indoor meteorological index of low-temperature disaster caused by solar greenhouse in central and southern Hebei Province was defined and the types of low-temperature disaster were divided,which provided support for the prediction of the risk level of greenhouse freezing damage.
赵玉兵;孙典;张杰;杨丽娜;张梓瑶;孙东磊
河北省邢台市气象局,河北 邢台 054000南京信息工程大学,南京 210000
农业科学
冀中南设施蔬菜日光温室黄瓜气象服务指标温室冻害低温致灾风险等级预报
central and southern Hebeivegetables in facilitiessolar greenhousecucumbermeteorological service indicatorsgreenhouse freeze damagedisaster caused by low temperaturerisk level forecast
《农学学报》 2024 (012)
85-91 / 7
中国气象局河北省2023年乡村振兴气象服务专项(hbxt1410050010001210001).
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