心肌细胞成熟障碍及其分子机制OACSTPCD

The heart undergoes a dynamic maturation process from late embryonic stages to adulthood.However,in conditions such as cardiac disease or heart failure,cardiomyocytes tend to re-activate fetal gene expression,leading to morphological and functional maturation impairments that affect cardiac function.This review summarizes the manifesta-tions and molecular mechanisms of cardiomyocyte maturation impairment,focusing on the downregulation of adult sarcom-eric and cytoskeletal proteins,mitochondrial immaturity,reduced oxidative phosphorylation,and the dysregulation of pro-liferative transcriptional controls.Strategies to promote cardiomyocyte maturation,including regulation of energy substrates and metabolic processes,as well as inhibition of cell cycle re-entry,are discussed to provide theoretical support for un-derstanding heart failure mechanisms and improving treatment approaches.