渔业科学进展2025，Vol.46Issue(1)：15-29,15.DOI:10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20240131001
青岛典型潮间带贝类的种类组成与群落特征
Species Composition and Community Characteristics of Typical Intertidal Shellfish in Qingdao,China
摘要
Abstract
The intertidal zone,a dynamic interface between the ocean and land,is one of the most diverse ecological habitats and harbors some of the richest biological communities.However,due to its unique location at the water's edge,it also bears the brunt of human activities in coastal areas.Intertidal biological resources serve as a foundation for the survival of coastal residents and plays a crucial role in coastal economic development.However,the intertidal zone serves as a primary area for coastal zone development and utilization,facing unprecedented environmental pressure resulting from rapid industrialization,urbanization,and agricultural intensification along coastlines.Consequently,safeguarding the intertidal ecological environment and biodiversity has become imperative for China's marine ecological civilization construction efforts.The coastal substrates in Qingdao encompass a diverse range of types,with predominantly rocky,sandy,and silt-muddy coasts constituting its coastline features.As an important marine center city encompassing coastal resorts and international port cities in China,Qingdao has witnessed rapid growth in its marine industry sector,while experiencing mounting pressure on its intertidal ecosystem.Shellfish are the predominant biological group in Qingdao's intertidal zone,exhibiting significant variation in species composition and community characteristics across different coastal types,thus serving as crucial ecological indicators for this zone.Despite a relatively early start to research on shellfish resources in Qingdao's intertidal zone,recent surveys focusing on shellfish distribution across various substrates are limited. To comprehensively assess the resource status and community structure of intertidal shellfish along the Qingdao coast,this study investigated intertidal shellfish resources at eight representative stations,including rocky,sandy,silt-muddy,and mixed sandy-rocky coastal types in May and October 2022.The composition of shellfish species,dominance patterns,and community structure parameters,including the Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Margalef richness index,and Pielou evenness index,were compared and analyzed at each station.Community clustering analyses were performed using similarity coefficient clustering and non-metric multi-dimensional scaling techniques.Our findings revealed in total 40 identified species of intertidal shellfish along the Qingdao coast.Among the stations surveyed for species richness,Canyon Street exhibited the highest number,with 18 species recorded,whereas Jinkou had the lowest,with only six species observed.The dominant species composition varied among survey stations and showed seasonal variations in type and dominance.During spring,Littorina brevicula,Mya arenaria,and Patelloida pygmaea emerged as the dominant species,whereas Crassostrea gigas,Musculista senhousia,and Ruditapes philippinarum dominated during fall.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 0.85 to 1.84 and 0.66 to 2.00,Margalef richness index ranged from 0.86 to 1.97 and 0.62 to 2.96,and Pielou evenness index ranged from 0.41 to 0.84 and 0.31 to 0.98 in spring and autumn,respectively.Qiantaoyuan in Langya,Aoshanwei,and Cangkou exhibited the highest Shannon-Wiener diversity and Margalef richness indices among all stations.Community clustering results varied between spring and autumn at each station.Hongshiyi and Jinkou consistently formed separate branches,Cangkou and Wanggezhuang always clustered together,and the former Taoyuan in Langya and Aoshanwei were consistently grouped together.This study revealed that substrate type significantly influenced the composition and community structure characteristics of intertidal shellfish in Qingdao.This study identifies the status of shellfish resources on various substrates within Qingdao's intertidal zone,providing a foundation for resource development,protection,and ecological restoration efforts.关键词
潮间带/底质/群落结构/多样性/优势种Key words
Intertidal zone/Substrate/Community structure/Diversity/Dominant species分类
水产学引用本文复制引用
原大山,刘志鸿,马培振,孙秀俊,周丽青,李转转,徐东,吴彪..青岛典型潮间带贝类的种类组成与群落特征[J].渔业科学进展,2025,46(1):15-29,15.基金项目
青岛近岸渔业资源综合科学调查、青岛市第一次全国水产养殖种质资源普查项目(ZFCG2023007250)、崂山实验室山东省专项(2021QNLM050103)和国家海洋水产种质资源库共同资助. （ZFCG2023007250）
