农机化研究2025，Vol.47Issue(4)：9-17,9.DOI:10.13427/j.issn.1003-188X.2025.04.002
基于振动分离特性的荔枝振动器结构优化
Structure Optimization of a Litchi Vibrator Based on Vibrational Detachment Characteristics
摘要
Abstract
In order to optimize the vibrator structure based on the vibrational detachment characteristics of litchi fruit,the litchi vibrational detachment tests were carried out under different vibration distances,frequencies and amplitudes using a reciprocating vibration harvesting device.The MATLAB was used to process the litchi motion videos recorded by a high-speed camera to obtain litchi movement parameters(trajectory,speed,acceleration,etc).In order to determine the opti-mal working parameters of the vibration mechanism,the test data was processed by Design-Expert to obtain the regression model,and the effect of vibration frequency,amplitude and vibration distance on the detachment characteristics of litchi(separation time,number of collisions and inertial force)was analyzed through the response surface of influence.The re-sults from the optimized regression model showed that a short detachment time and a low mechanical damage of the fruit could be achieved when the vibration frequency,the amplitude and the vibration distance were respectively of 9.7 Hz,80 mm and 29.4 mm.In order to optimize the structure of the vibrator based on the optimal working parameters,a multi-ob-jective optimization model was established taking high harvesting efficiency and small harvesting damage as objectives,and size constraints,angle constraints and strength constraints as constrained conditions.The results showed that the optimized vibrator is a centric slider crank mechanism.Its shaker crank length,connecting rod and angular velocity were respective-ly 56 mm,127 mm,and 62 rad/s.The optimized vibrator can improve the harvesting efficiency and reduce the fruit dam-age,which lays a good foundation for the design of litchi vibrational harvesters.关键词
荔枝/振动采收/图像处理/分离特性/结构优化Key words
litchi/vibrational harvesting/image processing/detachment characteristics/structure optimization分类
农业工程引用本文复制引用
赵紫艳,王慰祖,王艳飞,李君,冼昊岚..基于振动分离特性的荔枝振动器结构优化[J].农机化研究,2025,47(4):9-17,9.基金项目
国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-32-13) （CARS-32-13）
