农业生物技术学报2025，Vol.33Issue(1)：92-103,12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2025.01.008
利用mtDNA信息分析陶寺古牛的起源驯化
Analysis of the Origin and Domestication of Ancient Cattle(Bos taurus)at the Taosi Site Using mtDNA Information
摘要
Abstract
As one of the most important domestic animals,the origin and spread pattern of taurine cattle(Bos taurus)in China has received widespread attention.In this study,9 cattle remains from 3 archaeological sites in the middle reaches of the Yellow River were collected for extraction of ancient DNA for PCR sequencing and phylogenetic analysis to explore the origin and spread of taurine cattle in China.Through multiple rounds of PCR experiments,527 bp endogenous mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)sequences were obtained from 4 cattle remains from Taosi site(4300～4100 before the present).The results of haplotype classification clearly showed that all samples from the Taosi site were divided into 4 haplotypes,all of which belonged to domesticated taurine cattle T3 and T4 haplogroups which supported that Taosi domestic cattle originated from the Near East and were already utilized by people living in North China 4 100 years ago.Additionally,the abundant number of haplotypes at the Taosi site suggested that the ancient cattle population at the Taosi site had high maternal genetic diversity.Population pairwise FST distance analysis and the Median-Joining network analysis indicated that the ancient cattle had a close genetic relationship with the modern East Asian taurine cattle(FST=0.0164)and Chinese taurine cattle(FST=0.0066),suggesting that the ancient cattle population at Taosi site might be one of the maternal origin for the modern East Asian and Chinese taurine cattle.This study provides more molecular genetic evidence for resolving the origin and spread of cattle in China.关键词
古代DNA/陶寺遗址/普通牛/起源Key words
Ancient DNA/Taosi site/Taurine cattle/Origin分类
畜牧业引用本文复制引用
张兴,杨柳,侯凌云,凌飞,向海,赵兴波..利用mtDNA信息分析陶寺古牛的起源驯化[J].农业生物技术学报,2025,33(1):92-103,12.基金项目
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2021YFF1000700) （2021YFF1000700）
国家自然科学基金(31961133031) （31961133031）
广东省普通高校青年创新人才项目(2019KQNCX167) （2019KQNCX167）
佛山市博士后启动经费(BKS209159) （BKS209159）
