水土保持通报2024，Vol.44Issue(6)：269-277,9.DOI:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.028
中国七大流域水资源供需平衡及其可持续性
Supply and Demand Balance of Water Resources and Its Sustainability in Seven River Basins of China
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The balance and sustainable status of water resources supply and demand in seven river basins in China were examined aiming to provide a reference for the future development of integrated management and scientific allocation of water resources.[Methods]Using the water resources ecological footprint method,this study examined the water resources ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of seven river basins in China between 2014 and 2022.The status of water resource sustainability was revealed by using the sustainability evaluation index based on water resources'ecological footprint.[Results]① The per capita ecological footprint of water resources in China's seven major river basins showed a downward trend,among which Songhua River,Yangtze River,Pearl River,and Haihe River accounted for 82.86％,33.32％,19.87％,and 12.38％of agricultural water,industrial water,domestic water,and ecological water,respectively.② The highest per capita carrying capacity was that of the Pearl River at 19.89 hm2/person,whereas the lowest was only 0.03 hm2/person for the Haihe River.Affected by climate anomalies,the ecological carrying capacity of water resources in each basin oscillated considerably from 2020 to 2022.③ During the study period,the Yangtze,Pearl,and Songhua rivers had a total water resources ecological surplus,with the Pearl River having the largest water resources ecological surplus of 18.21 hm2/person in 2016.The Huaihe and Liaohe rivers went from a water resources ecological deficit to a surplus.The Yellow and Haihe rivers had a water resources ecological deficit,with the Yellow River having the largest water resources ecological deficit of-0.62 hm2/person in 2015.④ The indicators of sustainable development of water resources implied that the Yellow and Haihe rivers were under greater ecological pressure from water resources and in a state of unsustainable water resources throughout the year,whereas the Pearl River had poor water resource coordination and overall low water use efficiency.[Conclusion]Currently,the balance between the supply and demand of water resources in the Yangtze,Pearl,Songhua,Huaihe,and Liaohe rivers is maintained,whereas the demand of the Yellow and Haihe rivers is always greater than the supply.In the future,water resources planning schemes at the national and basin levels should be established to promote rational utilization of water resources and support sustainable economic and social development in the basin.关键词
水资源生态足迹/生态承载力/可持续利用/七大流域Key words
ecological footprint of water resources/ecological carrying capacity/sustainable use/seven river basins分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
杨丹荔,李益彬,李雪梅,胡艳,舒树淼..中国七大流域水资源供需平衡及其可持续性[J].水土保持通报,2024,44(6):269-277,9.基金项目
四川省哲学社会科学"十四五"规划项目"沱江流域水生态承载力的可持续发展研究"(SC22EZD057) （SC22EZD057）
四川省社会科学重点研究基地项目(TJGZL2022-03) （TJGZL2022-03）
