四川精神卫生2024，Vol.37Issue(6)：537-542,6.DOI:10.11886/scjsws20231110001
学龄前长子女焦虑症状及其影响因素
Influencing factors of anxiety symptoms in firstborn preschool children
叶爱梅 1林小玲 2卢大力 3陈峰 1叶雨钟 1黄长灿 1李君敏 1王艳山 1陆东曦 1郭木金 1吴为阁4
作者信息
- 1. 宁德市康复医院,福建 宁德 352100
- 2. 中山大学护理学院,广东 广州 510080
- 3. 深圳市龙华区妇幼保健院,广东 深圳 518110||厦门市第五医院,福建 厦门 361101
- 4. 厦门市仙岳医院,福建 厦门 361012
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
Background Sibling relationships play a critical role in shaping anxiety symptoms in firstborn children.Anxiety symptoms often originate in early childhood and can persist into adolescence and adulthood.However,there is insufficient research on anxiety symptoms in preschool children,especially firstborn preschool children.Objective To explore the influencing factors of anxiety symptoms among firstborn preschool children,so as to provide references for the intervention of anxiety symptom for children in families with multiple children.Methods From October to December 2021,a total of 8 449 children from 234 kindergartens in Longhua District of Shenzhen were included using a cluster sampling method.Sibling Inventory of Behavior(SIB)and Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale(SPAS)were used to investigate.Logistic regression analysis was used to identify influencing factors of anxiety symptoms in firstborn preschool children.Results A total of 8 419(99.64%)valid questionnaires were collected.Anxiety symptoms were detected in 344(4.09%)firstborn preschool children.Statistically significant differences were observed between anxiety group and non-anxiety group in terms of household registration,monthly family income,maternal age,maternal education level,paternal education level,family living conditions and whether they are left-behind children(χ2/t=9.906,33.490,5.136,13.485,9.690,17.332,21.975,P<0.05 or 0.01).Compared with non-anxiety group,children in the anxiety group scored higher on the SIB dimensions of rivalry,aggression and avoidance(t=165.322,74.471,286.419,P<0.01),and lower on companionship,empathy and teaching(t=59.133,42.417,39.112,P<0.01).Risk factors for anxiety symptoms in firstborn preschool children included left-behind children,as well as negative sibling relationships characterized by rivalry and avoidance(OR=1.195,1.143,1.260,P<0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Firstborn preschool children who are left-behind are more susceptible to anxiety symptoms.Negative sibling relationships,characterized by competition and avoidance,may also contribute to the emergence of anxiety symptoms in firstborn preschool children.关键词
学龄前/长子女/同胞关系/焦虑症状Key words
Preschool children/Firstborn children/Sibling relationship/Anxiety分类
外国民族医学引用本文复制引用
叶爱梅,林小玲,卢大力,陈峰,叶雨钟,黄长灿,李君敏,王艳山,陆东曦,郭木金,吴为阁..学龄前长子女焦虑症状及其影响因素[J].四川精神卫生,2024,37(6):537-542,6.
