玉米开花期调控机理及育种应用OA北大核心CSTPCD

Maize(Zea mays)is a staple crop worldwide,serving as a major source for food,feedstock,and industrial materials.Flowering time,a key agronomic trait determining diverse environmental adaptation and yield potential of crops,is determined by two developmental transitions(namely vegetative phase change and floral transition),and complicatedly regulated by internal factors(such as genetic factors and plant hormones)and external environmental factors.Given the importance of flowering time,in this review,we summarize the research progresses on the regulation of the two-phase transitions in maize,mainly focusing on the aspects of structural basis,physiological basis,genetic basis and molecular mechanisms.We also highlight the contribution of key flowering regulators to geographical adaptation of maize,and discuss future research directions on flowering and application in breeding,aiming to deepen our understanding of the genetic regulation of maize flowering and provide a theoretical basis for genetic improvement of maize cultivars adapting to diverse environmental conditions.