我国盐碱地治理:现状、问题与展望OA北大核心

With the rapid development of society and economy,the contradictions among population,resources and environment in China are increasing,and the pressure on sustainable development is growing day by day.Like arable land,saline-alkali land,as a land resource mainly characterized by the accumulation of salts,not only undertakes important functions such as pollution purification,biological resources,biodiversity,global carbon pool,natural and cultural heritage,landscape tourism,but also is an important agricultural means of agricultural production on which human beings depend for survival.The improvement of saline-alkali land aims mainly at reducing crop stress,ensuring plant health and high yield and quality.It is of great significance for national food security,ecological environment security and human health.In recent decades,through the efforts of several generations,Chinese scientists have basically clarified the theoretical system of saline-alkali land improvement and created technical and models in line with China's national conditions.However,due to the complex and diverse types of saline-alkali land,different degrees of salinization,and diversified improvement measures,an efficient improvement method with classified zoning,precise treatment,and with consideration of both high levels and low cost has not yet been established.Neither has a technical and service system framework for saline-alkali land improvement and its long-term management been established.Based on discussing the concept of saline-alkali land,this paper analyzed the main obstacle factors of saline-alkali land,and comprehensively introduced the basic theories and technical methods of the saline-alkali land improvement,the discrimination standards for the improvement effect of saline-alkali land and the main mode of agricultural production in saline-alkali soil areas.It also expounded the main problems and prospects of saline-alkali land improvement,aiming to attract more valuable opinions and inspire people's scientific understanding of saline-alkali land,strengthen the application and practice of saline-alkali land management technology,and better promote the development of saline-alkali land agriculture by combining new achievements of modern agriculture.