春小麦产量对不同气候年型的响应及其与品种干旱敏感性的关系OA北大核心

[Objectives]This study aimed to study the variety characteristics of spring wheat yield increase in dryland areas and its climate conditions,providing a reference for regional wheat breeding and crop layout.[Methods]A long-term spring wheat positioning experiment(rainfed treatment)in semi-arid rainfed agricultural areas,and experiments with different sowing dates and different irrigation treatments before and during the growth period were carried out for spring wheat growth data collection.The K-means clustering analysis method was used to classify the climate types of spring wheat,and a parameterized wheat growth and development model was used to set up different climate scenarios to simulate and analyze the response characteristics of spring wheat yield to different climate patterns and its relationship with variety drought sensitivity.[Results]The climate conditions for spring wheat growth and development could be divided into five distinct patterns,mainly determined by pre-sowing soil moisture and atmospheric moisture during the growth period(difference between potential evaporation and precipitation).The established wheat model showed good consistency between simulated and measured values for growth period,final biomass,harvest index,and yield,with consistency index greater than 0.8 and relative root mean square error less than 30％.Model simulations revealed that in cases where sowing date and pre-sowing soil moisture were fixed,drought-sensitive spring wheat varieties had higher yields than drought-neutral varieties when precipitation during the growth period was less than 140 mm,while drought-resistant spring wheat varieties had the highest yields when precipitation during the growth period exceeded 200 mm.[Conclusions]The established spring wheat model in this study can relatively accurately simulate the growth period,aboveground biomass,harvest index,and yield formation of spring wheat.Drought-sensitive spring wheat varieties are more likely to achieve higher yields under extreme drought climate types,while drought-resistant spring wheat varieties are more likely to have high yields under climate types with relatively suitable moisture conditions.