农业科学研究2024，Vol.45Issue(4)：1-12,12.
黄河流域盐碱地改良与综合利用
Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land in the Yellow River Basin
摘要
Abstract
With the increasing shortage of water from the Yellow River,the salinization of soil in the Hetao Irrigation Area is increasingly exacerbating the challenges to food security and ecological safety.In recent years,General Secretary Xi Jinping has placed great emphasis on the improvement and utilization of saline-alkali land in China,delivering multiple important speeches on the topic,and stating that"the comprehensive reclamation and utilization of saline-alkali land is of strategic significance for safeguarding national food security and ensuring China's food security."On June 19th,2024,General Secretary Xi Jinping,during his visit to Ningxia,pointed out the need to win the ecological protection and restoration campaign in the distinctive geographical bends(or Jiziwan)area of the Yellow River,coordinating the efforts in forest,grassland,wetland,desert,and saline-alkali land management,to make Ningxia,the"Southern Edge of the Great Wall",increasingly beautiful.In September 2023,the General Office of the Communist Party of China and the State Council jointly issued the Opinions on Promoting the Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land(Document No.44 of 2023),which clearly outlined the objectives and requirements for the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land in China.Based on that,heads of the Technological Innovation Team for the Improvement and Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Professor Xu Xing of Ningxia University specially invited experts such as Academician Zhang Jiabao,Li Yuyi,Yin Xuebin,Tian Juncang,Chen Xiaobing,Zhao Ju,and She Dongli to discuss the topic of"Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land in the Yellow River Basin,"covering fields such as soil science,plant nutrition,farmland water conservancy,resources,environment,and functional agriculture.This interview content not only deepens scientific understanding of the improvement and utilization of saline-alkali land in the Yellow River Basin but also provides decision-making reference for ecological environment protection and high-quality development in this region.The interview believes that the improvement and comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land in the Hetao Irrigation Area of the Yellow River Basin should focus on the following aspects:First,highly coordinated planning is urgently needed for the construction of the Yellow River Basin ecological protection and high-quality development pilot zone and the national agricultural green development demonstration zone,applying new ideas,methods,and mechanisms to achieve comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land in the Hetao Irrigation Area,according to the requirements of"suitable land for suitable crops".Second,as an important grain production base in the Yellow River Basin and a crucial part of the Yellow River Jiziwan campaign,systematic consideration of regional water and soil balance should be prioritized,especially for water-saving conditions,including water-salt balance and salt outlet management,to provide a systematic solution for the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land and ensure sustainable progress.Third,the causes of saline-alkali land in the Hetao Plain are complex,with many types of salinization and limiting factors.Creation of a comprehensive utilization model for saline-alkali land in the Hetao Irrigation Area should be taken into consideration,tailored to different types of salinity and alkalinity,and implementing classification management for reclamation and utilization,as well as prevention and control of salinization.Fourth,it is important to focus on the Six Special agricultural industries in Ningxia,and further refine the key areas and varieties of saline-alkali land functional agriculture,integrating national expertise to develop a technological pathway that enhances the quality and comprehensive benefits of the Six Special agricultural products.关键词
黄河流域/盐碱地/区域治理/综合利用/农业特色产业Key words
the Yellow River Basin/saline-alkali soil/regional governance/comprehensive utilization/characteristic agricultural industry分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
许兴,张佳宝,李玉义,尹雪斌,田军仓,陈小兵,赵举,佘冬立..黄河流域盐碱地改良与综合利用[J].农业科学研究,2024,45(4):1-12,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点支持项目"宁夏引黄灌区农田面源氮磷迁移规律及其地表水水质响应机制"(U20A20113) （U20A20113）
国家重点研发计划项目"黄河上游河套平原节水控盐产能提升技术模式与应用"(2021YFD1900600) （2021YFD1900600）
中国工程院院地项目"河套灌区盐碱地改良利用重大战略咨询研究"(2023NXZD6) （2023NXZD6）
