黄河河套灌区土壤盐渍化的形成演变及其对绿洲农业生态安全的影响与建议OA

The Hetao Irrigation District is located within the largest and oldest oasis in China's desertified region,surrounded by deserts and the Mu-Us-Sandy-Land.This region serves as a crucial production and supply base for grains and specialty agricultural products in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River,and,along with areas such as Ordos,Yulin,and Ningdong,forms a significant cluster of energy resources in China.Moreover,the Hetao Irrigation District plays an indispensable role in preserving the health of the Yellow River,ensuring ecological security for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,and supporting the economic development of Ningxia,Inner Mongolia,and Yulin,acting as a vital ecological barrier.Currently,the main challenge faced by this district is the continual decrease in water inflow from the upper reaches of the Yellow River,compounded by the heavy burden of water diversion to external regions.This has led to per capita water resources being only one-eighth of the national average,less than 300 cubic meters,severely exacerbating desertification,land degradation,and soil salinization,and posing significant threats to agricultural productivity and ecological stability.In response to these challenges,it is recommended to expedite the construction of the Daliushu Hydraulic Hub and dual-line water diversion project to regulate and increase water flow from the upper Yellow River,ensuring sustainable agricultural production,energy development,and ecological security in the oasis.Before the realization of the western line water diversion project,it is advisable to reduce external water diversion and increase the water allocated for desertification and alkali treatment in Gansu,Ningxia,Inner Mongolia,and Shaanxi to safeguard the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin.Additionally,there is a need to strengthen scientific water resource management,enhance water productivity,improve drainage systems,and scientifically control groundwater levels in the irrigation area to promote soil desalination and prevent soil salinization.Establishing an integrated system of"use,modification,and cultivation"for dryland and forage crop rotation will consolidate and enhance the utilization of saline-alkaline lands,fostering a close integration of agriculture and animal husbandry,thereby enhancing the overall economic benefits of the region.