水土保持研究2025，Vol.32Issue(2)：91-101,11.DOI:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.02.039
侵蚀降雨下厨余垃圾施用对滇中烤烟农田生态系统氮磷平衡特征的影响
Effects of kitchen waste application on nitrogen and phosphorus balance characteristics of flue-cured tobacco farmland ecosystem in central Yunnan under erosive rainfall
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To explore the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus balance in flue-cured tobacco farmland ecosystem,and to clarify the dynamic effects of kitchen waste composting on nitrogen and phosphorus in flue-cured tobacco farmland ecosystem,and to provide scientific basis for optimal fertilization strategy,improvement of environment,and enhancement of crop production efficiency.[Methods]The flue-cured tobacco farmland ecosystem in Erlongtan small watershed in central Yunnan was taken as the research object.Eight different fertilization methods were set up,namely,no fertilization control CK,single application of chemical fertilizer NPK(1 t/hm2),single application of food waste FW(FWL:12 t/hm2,FWM:15 t/hm2,FWH:18 t/hm2),food waste combined with chemical fertilizer FW-NPK(FWL-NPK:12 t/hm2+1 t/hm2,FWM-NPK:15 t/hm2+1 t/hm2,FWH-NPK:18 t/hm2+1 t/hm2).The effects of food waste on runoff and sediment nitrogen and phosphorus loss,soil nitrogen and phosphorus residue,nitrogen and phosphorus absorption of flue-cured tobacco and nitrogen and phosphorus balance of farmland flue-cured tobacco ecosystem were studied.[Results](1)The total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)contents in runoff sediment decreased over time.Compared to CK,the loss of runoff TN in the FW treatments decreased by 31.26％～53.84％,and the loss of runoff TP decreased by 13.44％～45.83％.The loss of sediment TN decreased by 6.31％～120.74％,and loss of sediment TP decreased by 5.22％～62.55％.(2)During the four growth stages,the FW,FW-NPK,and NPK treatments significantly increased soil TN and NO3--N content.The FWH-NPK treatment significantly increased soil NH4-N and TP contents,and the FW treatment significantly increased soil available phosphorus(AP)content.The TN content in plants generally showed the trend:leaves＞stems＞roots,while TP content showed the trend:leaves＞roots＞stems.The TN and TP contents in each organ increased with the increase of FW application.(3)The losses of runoff TN and TP accounted for 19.71％～43.09％of the N input and 0.88％～2.94％of the P input,respectively,and the losses of sediment TN and TP accounted for 2.51％～5.93％of the N input and 4.23％～18.64％of the P input,respectively.The soil residual N and P accounted for 19.83％～55.00％of the N input and 62.77％～85.45％of the P input,respectively.The plant uptake N and P accounted for 22.79％～35.06％of the N input and 9.08％～15.65％of the P input,respectively.The soil residual N and P accounted for the majority of the N and P input.[Conclusion]FWH treatment can effectively maintain the N and P balance in tobacco farmland ecosystems,which increases plant uptake N and P,enhances soil N and P fixation,effectively reduces N and P loss,is an environmentally friendly fertilization method.关键词
厨余垃圾/农田生态系统/烤烟/氮磷平衡Key words
food waste/farmland ecosystem/flue-cured tobacco/nitrogen and phosphorus balance分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张董辉,温昌焘,王克勤,宋娅丽,陈雯,陈炳绅..侵蚀降雨下厨余垃圾施用对滇中烤烟农田生态系统氮磷平衡特征的影响[J].水土保持研究,2025,32(2):91-101,11.基金项目
云南省科技计划项目"赤水河流域绿色治理和发展技术研究及应用示范"(202203AC100001-03) （202203AC100001-03）
云南省重点研发计划项目"坡耕地土壤肥力提升关键技术研究与集成"(2018BB018) （2018BB018）
云南省一流学科建设项目(云教发[2022]号) （云教发[2022]号）
云南省水土保持与荒漠化防治学一流学科(SBK20240044) （SBK20240044）
