气象与环境学报2024，Vol.40Issue(6)：78-88,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2024.06.010
气象条件对三江平原水稻产量和营养品质的影响
Effects of meteorological conditions on rice yield and nutritional quality in the Sanjiang Plain
摘要
Abstract
The effects of meteorological conditions on rice yield and nutritional quality were analyzed by using Duncan's multiple extreme deviation test,Friedman's rank test,correlation analysis,and yield and quality compos-ite index in 2018-2019 using the 2018-2019 rice staged transplantation observations,meteorological data,and grain quality testing data in the Sanjiang Plain.The results showed that meteorological conditions had a significant effect on yield,which was highly significantly and positively correlated with ∑T≥10℃at the heading-milk ripening stage,and this value of 684.8℃was an indicator of the cumulative temperature for obtaining ideal yield in rice.Meteor-ological conditions significantly affected the amino acid and fatty acid contents of grains,and the correlation be-tween various types of amino acid and fatty acid contents and meteorological conditions was unique.Overall,amino acid content was highly significant and significantly negatively correlated with ΔT at the heading-milk ripening stage and Tmax at the transplanting-maturity stage,respectively;fatty acid content was highly significant and nega-tively correlated with T and Tmax at the transplanting-maturity stage,and ΔT at the panicle initiation-maturity stage,respectively.The ΔT of 5.1℃at the heading-milk ripening stage and the ΔT of 7.0℃at the panicle initiation-maturity stage were the temperature indexes for obtaining ideal amino acid and fatty acid contents,respectively.Meteorological conditions had no significant effect on grain protein content,but on grain fat,starch,and straight-chain amylose content;fat and straight-chain amylose content decreased and starch content increased with delayed transplanting period.Overall,rice yield and nutritional quality were significantly and positively correlated with the Tmin of the heading-milk ripening stage.In the Sanjiang Plain,the suitable transplanting period for rice is when the temperature is stable over 13.0℃,and the date of transplanting is around May 19,and then the rice cultivation can obtain high yield,high quality and high efficiency.It can be seen that rational control of crop sowing or transplan-ting period is an effective method to improve crop yield and quality in agricultural production,which can promote agricultural production to increase yield,quality and efficiency.关键词
Duncan多重极差检验/Friedman秩检验/产量/营养品质Key words
Duncan's multiple extreme deviation test/Friedman's rank test/Yield/Nutritional quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
高永刚,王芳,王艳,韩俊杰,姜丽霞,高峰,王铭,孙胜阳..气象条件对三江平原水稻产量和营养品质的影响[J].气象与环境学报,2024,40(6):78-88,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2300201)、中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2021Z059)和黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2021D019)共同资助. （2022YFD2300201）
