水利水电技术（中英文）2024，Vol.55Issue(12)：128-147,20.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2024.12.011
三峡大坝下游突发水污染事故水量应急调度模拟研究
Emergency dispatch simulation for sudden water pollution accident in downstream reach of the Three Gorges Reservoir
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]There are many potential water pollution sources in downstream reach of the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)that pose a serious threat to the water supply security if a sudden water pollution accident occurred.The TGR has the ca-pacity to carry out emergency dispatch for sudden water pollution accidents,but there are still many challenges for it.In order to clarify the coordination strategy between emergency dispatch and normal dispatch of the TGR,[Methods]firstly,HEC-RAS soft-ware was used to model and analyze the migration rule of heavy metal pollution clouds.Then,the effects of emergency dispatch duration and intervention time of the TGR were investigated.Finally,based on the normal dispatch constraint generalization and above computational and analytical result,the emergency dispatch strategy of the TGR was proposed for different dispatch peri-ods.[Results]Water pollution simulation result showed that:when 20 t hexavalent chromium leak into Yichang River section,the pollutant exceedance time of Yichang to Hankou River section will be 2～3 d at a discharge of 20 000～30 000 m3/s,and 4 d at a discharge of 6 000 m3/s.TGR's emergency dispatch of adding the discharge can shorten the pollutant exceedance time of each intake by 1～4 h,the longer the dispatch duration,the better the effect.A 5-hour advance in emergency dispatch interven-tion time would result in 1～2 h advance in the arrival of the pollution cloud at the water intake.However,both emergency dispatch intervention time and duration have little effect on pollutant concentration.[Results]showed that TGR's emergency dis-patch of adding the discharge can not reduce the pollution concentration,but it can shorten the pollutant exceedance time.[Conclusion]Accordingly,the emergency dispatch of reducing the discharge can control the pollution diffusion range,slow down the propagation speed of the pollution clouds,and create conditions for in-situ disposal.Combined with the above calculation and analysis result,the strategy for emergency dispatch of TGR is proposed on the basis of considering the constraints of normal dis-patch.In the main flood period,emergency dispatch of reducing the discharge is appropriate.In the pre-flood period,emergency dispatch of adding the discharge is appropriate.In the storage and water supply period(except for January-March),emergency dispatch of adding the discharge and reducing the discharge are all appropriate.The research result have reference and guiding significance for the emergency dispatch of the TGR in case of sudden water pollution accidents in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.关键词
三峡水库/突发水污染事故/应急调度/HEC-RAS/重金属污染/水环境/风险源/数值模拟Key words
Three Gorges Reservoir/sudden water pollution accident/emergency dispatch/HEC-RAS/heavy metal pollution/water environment/risk source/numerical simulation分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
荆平飞,张丹,吴碧琼,刘晓阳,袁玉,田锐,纪国良..三峡大坝下游突发水污染事故水量应急调度模拟研究[J].水利水电技术（中英文）,2024,55(12):128-147,20.基金项目
国家重点研发计划"水工程多目标融合智能协同调控技术及示范"(2021YFC3200305) （2021YFC3200305）
中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研资助项目(SXSN/4845) （SXSN/4845）
中国长江电力股份有限公司项目(242102024) （242102024）
