中国全科医学2025，Vol.28Issue(8)：980-988,995,10.DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0213
女性生育因素对主、客观认知功能的影响:基于平阴队列的横断面研究
The Association between Female Reproductive Factors and Subjective and Objective Cognitive Function:a Cross-sectional Analysis from the Pingyin Cohort
摘要
Abstract
Background The association between female reproductive factors and cognitive function was unclear,there still lack studies on female reproductive factors and subjective cognitive function.Objective Exploring the relationship between female reproductive factors and subjective or objective cognitive function,and providing theoretical basis for the prevention and intervention of cognitive decline and dementia.Methods The baseline survey was conducted in July 2023 in Pingyin,Jinan(in three townships).After using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method,2 165 valid participants aged 45-70 were recruited at baseline.We collected sociodemographic data,medical histories,lifestyle factors,and female reproductive factors through a self-designed comprehensive questionnaire.The subjective and objective cognitive function of participants were evaluated by the Subjective Cognitive Decline-Questionnaire 9(SCD-Q9)and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale-Basic(MoCA-B),respectively.In addition,we also collected anthropometric data(included height and weight)and blood samples(to get APOE e4 alleles).Multivariate Logistic regression and Local weighted regression(Loess)were used to analyze the influence of female reproductive factors on cognitive function and to detect potential nonlinear relationships between age at menarche,age at menopause,length of reproductive period and MoCA-B scores.Results This study was based on a baseline population and included 1 044 postmenopausal women.The prevalence of abnormal SCD-Q9 scores was 48.37%(505/1 044),while the prevalence of abnormal MoCA-B scores was 67.43%(704/1 044).Women who had 3 or more children had a lower risk of subjective cognitive decline compared with those who had 1 or fewer children(OR=0.59,95%CI=0.36-0.98).Women with a breastfeeding duration<6 months had a higher risk of subjective cognitive decline compared with those with a breastfeeding duration of 6-12 months(OR=3.69,95%CI=1.03-13.16).Age at menarche>18 years(OR=1.91,95%CI=1.09-3.35),age at menopause≤45 years(OR=1.61,95%CI=1.00-2.62),and reproductive period≤30 years(OR=1.56,95%CI=1.07-2.29)or>40 years(OR=2.22,95%CI=1.05-4.72)were all associated with poorer objective cognitive function(P<0.05).Loess analysis revealed an inverted"J-shaped"relationship between age at menarche,age at menopause,reproductive period and MoCA-B scores.Conclusion Women with more children(≥3)have a lower risk of subjective cognitive decline and women with shorter breastfeeding duration(<6 months)have a higher risk of subjective cognitive decline.Age at menarche>18 years,early menopause(≤45 years),and excessively long or short reproductive periods are all associated with poorer objective cognitive function.We should pay attention to the influence of female reproductive factors on cognitive function in order to delay the process of cognitive decline.关键词
女性/生育因素/认知功能/主观认知功能/客观认知功能/横断面研究Key words
Female/Reproductive factors/Cognitive function/Subjective cognitive function/Objective cognitive function/Cross-sectional study分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
付春迎,于瑞洪,王琪,李美玲,王晓祎,朱东山..女性生育因素对主、客观认知功能的影响:基于平阴队列的横断面研究[J].中国全科医学,2025,28(8):980-988,995,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82273702) （82273702）
山东省优秀青年科学基金项目(海外)(2022HWYQ-030) （海外）
泰山学者项目专项基金(tsqnz20221103) （tsqnz20221103）
