摘要
Abstract
Objective:To analyze the usage of antibiotics in pediatric patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections in a hospital.Methods:Data of 368 children with acute upper respiratory tract infection diagnosed and treated in a hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were retrospectively collected,and the types of diseases in the children,as well as the use,types,combination therapy and irrational use of antibiotics were analyzed.Results:The most prevalent diagnosis among the 368 children with acute upper respiratory tract infection was common cold(258 children,70.11% ),followed by acute tonsillitis(49 children,13.32% )and acute rhinitis(25 children,6.79% ).Among them,276 children were treated with antibiotics,resulting in an antibiotic utilization rate of 75.00% .The top three disease types in terms of utilization rate were acute epiglottitis,co-multimorbidity and acute tonsillitis.Among 276 children diagnosed with acute upper respiratory tract infections,35 different antibiotics were used,classified according to the ATC 7-digit code.The most frequently used antibiotics included second-generation cephalosporins(79 children,28.62% ),third-generation cephalosporins(60 children,21.74% )and macrolides(49 children,17.75% ).Among the 276 children,220 children received monotherapy(79.71% ),50 children were treated with a combination of two antibiotics(18.12% ),and 6 children were treated with more than three antibiotics concurrently(2.17% ).Irrational use of antibiotics was observed in 83 children,resulting in an irrational utilization rate was 30.07%,including incrrect drug indications,inappropriate drug selection and improper drug usage.Conclusion:The primary diagnoses among children with acute upper respiratory tract infections in a hospital were common cold,acute tonsillitis and acute rhinitis.The antibiotic utilization rate for treatment was notably high,with cephalosporins being the predominant antibiotics.The irrational utilization rate of antibiotic was higher.It is necessary to strengthen the training of clinicians,enhance drug monitoring,promote knowledge of rational drug use,and rigorously adhere to diagnosis and treatment guidelines to improve the rational use and therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics.关键词
急性上呼吸道感染/抗菌药物/合理性/药物选择/用药方式/用药指征Key words
acute upper respiratory tract infection/antibiotics/rationality/drug selection/drug method/drug indication分类
医药卫生
