贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(1)：42-54,13.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.01.006
贵州野生羊肚菌的挥发性物质及香气品质分析
Analysis on Volatile Substances and Aromatic Quality of Wild Morchella in Guizhou
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]A low-cost analysis method for determining the aromatic quality differences of Morchella was explored,which provided a reference for the evaluation on germplasm resources,domestication,cultivation and product processing of Morchella.[Method]Gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the volatile substances in 10 wild Morchella resources(M1—M10)from Guizhou,and then the relative odor activity value(ROAV)and heat map(HM)were performed to comprehensively evaluate the volatile substances.The principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis(CA)were adopted to evaluate the aromatic quality differences of 10 wild Morchella resources,and then comparing ROAV≥0.001,ROAV≥0.01,ROAV≥0.1 volatile compounds combinations with ROAV-like value of all volatile compounds,the aromatic quality differences of 10 Morchella resources were evaluated.[Result]A total of 519 volatile compounds were obtained from 10 wild Morchella resources from Guizhou by GC-MS,including 15 kinds of heterocyclic compound,ester,aldehyde,ketone,alcohol,aromatics,hydrocarbons,volatile terpenoids,volatile phenol,acid,volatile ether,nitrogen compound,sulfur compounds,volatile amine and halogenated hydrocarbons.The ROAV of 113 volatile compounds were obtained,in which the key volatile substance with ROAV≥0.1 included 20 kinds such as furanone,1-methyl-naphthalene,(E,E)-2,4-nonadienal,etc.,and 14 kinds of volatile compounds with the obviously different ROAV were identified by HM.The PCA could generate 9 main components,explaining 100%of total variances,which could reflect almost all of the sample information.By PCA and CA,the 10 wild Morchella resources were divided into 3 categories,and the samples within the same categories had similar flavor.The PCA and CA analysis results of ROAV≥0.001,ROAV≥0.01 and ROAV≥0.1 volatile compounds were highly consistent with that of 113 kinds of volatile compounds.[Conclusion]The aromatic quality on 10 Morchella wild resources from Guizhou can be distinguished and clustered by PCA and CA analysis of the ROAV-like value of 113 kinds of volatile compounds.And the volatile compounds combination of ROAV≥0.001,ROAV≥0.01 and ROAV≥0.1 can replace 113 kinds of volatile compounds for evaluating the differences in aromatic qualities of 10 Morchella wild resources to some extent,but when the volatile compounds combination of ROAV≥0.1 are used for analyzing,the number of substances involved in the calculation is the lowest.关键词
羊肚菌/香气品质/挥发性物质/气相色谱-质谱法/相对气味活度值/热图分析/主成分分析/聚类分析Key words
Morchella/aromatic quality/volatile compounds/gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS)/relative odor activity value(ROAV)/heat map(HM)/principal component analysis(PCA)/cluster analysis(CA)分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
罗凯,焦仁军,桂阳,吕金丽,吴迪,吕树鸣,罗开源,张冬莲,汪志威,李秀亚,李伟..贵州野生羊肚菌的挥发性物质及香气品质分析[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(1):42-54,13.基金项目
贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2451号) （黔科合支撑[2019]2451号）
贵州省重大专项(黔科合重大专项字[2019]3005号) （黔科合重大专项字[2019]3005号）
六盘水市科技支撑计划项目(52020-2020-0905) （52020-2020-0905）
六盘水市重点实验室项目(52020-2018-0309) （52020-2018-0309）
贵州省食用菌产学研融合项目(黔菌产学研融合[2022]07号) （黔菌产学研融合[2022]07号）
