水力发电学报2025，Vol.44Issue(1)：124-134,11.DOI:10.11660/slfdxb.20250110
小底坡长泄洪洞掺气坎体型优化分析
Optimization analysis of aerator shapes in long and mild-slope spillway tunnels
摘要
Abstract
Aerators are critical devices in preventing cavitation damage in high-velocity spillway structures.However,under the conditions of low Froude numbers and mild slopes,cavity backwater is prone to obstruct aeration holes,affecting aeration effectiveness.Therefore,introducing a flow resistance slope downstream of the aerator is considered as a measure to effectively mitigate the adverse effects of backwater.This paper develops a mathematical model for predicting the volume of water accumulation associated with varying flow resistance slopes through theoretical analysis and experimental tests on a 1:25 scale model,and examines the impact of these slopes on cavity water accumulation in mild slope spillways.This study indicates a flow resistance slope affects water accumulation in the cavity through changing the jet nappe impact angle θ 2.For a mild slope spillway,if the effect of the slope change on cavity water accumulation is considered,the cavity conditions can be categorized into three phases:overflow phase,water-blocking optimization phase,and clean cavity phase.In the experimental conditions,when both the blocking and aeration effects are taken into account,the optimal angle occurs in the water-blocking optimization phase(21%<γr<41%),where a stable cavity forms under the jet and the contact between water and air is sufficiently enhanced.This study helps optimize the design of aerators on mild slope spillways under low Froude number conditions.关键词
掺气坎/小底坡/阻流坡/空腔积水/低Fr数Key words
aerator/slight slope/flow resistance slope/cavity backwater/low Froude number分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
覃月,王志刚,李玲,陈永灿,刘昭伟..小底坡长泄洪洞掺气坎体型优化分析[J].水力发电学报,2025,44(1):124-134,11.基金项目
重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3002903) （2022YFC3002903）
国家自然科学基金(U21A20157) （U21A20157）
水圈科学与水利工程全国重点实验室资助项目(sklhse-TD-2024-B01) （sklhse-TD-2024-B01）
