摘要
Abstract
The sanjiao theory was founded in Huang Di Nei Jing(The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic),handed down from ancient times,and revised later in Nan Jing(The Classic of Difficult Questions).During the Six Dynasties,these two versions were integrated in Shan Fan Fang(Simplified Prescriptions);and the clinical application of this theory had been presented in this work.In the Sui Dynasty,in Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun(Treatise on the Origins and Manifestations of Various Diseases),the official medical work,the sanjiao disorders and the treatment principles,diagnosis and treatment were collated systematically.Up till that time,the theoretical framework of the sanjiao theory had basically taken shape and gained an important position as a"cornerstone"in the whole theoretical system of Traditional Chinese Medicine.However,the concept and entity of sanjiao is debated endlessly in ancient and modern times,and becomes even more unclear.Consequently,the sanjiao theory,once essential in the classical TCM system,is hardly written in the contemporary textbooks.In this paper,in order to analyze its strengths and weaknesses and explore the truth,the concept and entity of"sanjiao"has been investigated by placing its different terms into its original theoretical system;and the significance been discussed by setting the sanjiao theory of different evolution stages under the academic background at the relevant times through clarifying the sources of controversy between ancient and modern times based on its concepts.The origins of the concept controversy include:1)in Huang Di Nei Jing,the three different concepts of sanjiao were blent together;2)in Huang Di Nei Jing,the two different understandings of"interstitial space of sanjiao"were lumped;and 3)qi of sanjiao was mistakenly deemed equal to that of the upper,middle and lower jiao.Such confusion result in the meaningless and endless debates.The emergence of the sanjiao theory not only connects the viscera and the membranes and sectioned them into three closely-related functional entities(the upper,middle and lower),but also integrates the branch theories into a holistic one such as the meridian theory,meridian sinew theory,zangxiang(visceral manifestation)theory and ying-wei(nutrient and defence)theory.It greatly advances the self-consistency and explanatory power of acupuncture theories in TCM.All the four"magnificent classics",Huang Di Nei Jing,Shang Han Lun(Treatise on Cold Damage),Jin Gui Yao Lue(Essentials from the Golden Cabinet)and Wen Bing Tiao Bian(Systematic Differentiation of Warm Diseases)have all benefited from the sanjiao theory;and these representative works,rated as the paradigm of diagnosis and treatment in TCM,choose this theory.It sufficiently shows the indispensable clinical practice value of the sanjiao theory.关键词
三焦学说/三焦名实/文献研究/学术史研究/理论研究Key words
sanjiao theory/concept and entity of sanjiao/literature research/academic history research/theoretical research分类
中医学
