气象科学2024，Vol.44Issue(6)：1195-1204,10.DOI:10.12306/2024jms.0047
2024年秋季中国主要天气气候事件特征
Characteristics of the major weather and climate events in China during the autumn of 2024
摘要
Abstract
In the autumn of 2024,the average surface air temperature in China reached the highest level for the same period since 1961,and the average precipitation was 11.3％higher than that in normal years.The main weather and climate events in autumn were as follows:the number of typhoons generated in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea was higher than usual.Among them,the number of typhoons generated in September hit the record high for the same period since 1979.There were more typhoons making landfall,and their landing intensities were strong.Typhoon"Yagi"was the strongest typhoon to make landfall in China in autumn,and Typhoon"Bebinca"was the strongest typhoon to make landfall in Shanghai.There were more regional rainstorm processes,mainly occurring in the southern China,and most of them were related to tropical cyclone activities.High temperature weather occurred frequently in September,covering a wide range and showing strong phased characteristics.The average number of high temperature days in China reached the highest level for the same period since 1961.The drought in autumn was mainly concentrated in the Sichuan-Chongqing region and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.The drought in the Sichuan-Chongqing region was alleviated due to the rainstorm process in western China at the end of September,while the drought situation in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River showed a phased development feature of"development-alleviation-redevelopment".The frequency of cold air processes was the same as that of the same period in normal years.Among them,cold air activities were frequent in October,with the frequency reaching the maximum for the same period in history,and the frequency of cold wave processes exceeded the maximum for the same period in history.The preliminary analysis in this article shows that the record high average temperature and the number of high-temperature days in China in September 2024 might be related to the stronger and larger South Asian high and the Northwest Pacific subtropical high.Among them,the intensity and area of the South Asian High were the largest for the same period in history.In September,the typhoon genesis potential index in the western part of the Northwest Pacific Ocean and the northern part of the South China Sea exceeded the maximum for the same period in history,indicating that the large-scale circulation provided a favorable background field for the generation of typhoons.关键词
气候特征/天气气候事件/秋季/台风/中国Key words
climatic characteristics/weather and climate events/autumn/typhoon/China分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
洪海旭,周星妍,王依然,高歌,肖潺..2024年秋季中国主要天气气候事件特征[J].气象科学,2024,44(6):1195-1204,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2024YFF0809202) （2024YFF0809202）
中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2024Q007) （CXFZ2024Q007）
