中国农业科技导报2025，Vol.27Issue(2)：158-169,12.DOI:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0429
杏李不同采收成熟度果实品质分析
Fruit Quality Analysis of Prunus domestica×armeniaca at Different Harvest Maturity Levels
摘要
Abstract
To study the effects of different harvest maturity levels on the quality of P.domestica×armeniaca fruits,and to screen out the suitable maturity levels for picking P.domestica×armeniaca,using P.domestica×armeniaca'Fengweihuanghou'as the test materials,the changes in indicators such as single fruit weight,fruit color and fruit hardness and so on under different maturity levels(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ)were analyzed by variance,correlation and principal component analysis.The results showed that with the increase of harvest maturity levels,the red green value(a*)of the fruit skin,the red green value(a*)of the fruit flesh,the blue yellow value(b*)of the skin,the blue yellow value(b*)of the flesh,the comprehensive ratio of the skin(a*/b*)and the comprehensive ratio of the flesh(a*/b*)all showed a significant upward trend,which increased by 15.811,15.760,23.009,15.380,0.973 and 0.558,respectively,during the entire maturity and development period,and were highly significant positive correlation with fruit maturity.Chlorophyll a+b,peel brightness value(L*)and flesh brightness value(L*)showed significant downward trend,with decrease of 17.230 μg·cm-3,11.460 and 13.492 during maturity,respectively.The single fruit weight,soluble solids,solid to acid ratio and membrane permeability all showed a significant upward trend with the increase of harvest maturity level.At maturity Ⅴ,the various indicators were 101.500 g,18.780%,85.535%and 62.050%,respectively,and showed a highly significant correlation with maturity level.The skin hardness,peel hardness and titratable acid showed a significant downward trend with the delay of maturity,reaching their lowest values at maturity Ⅴ,which were 13.770 N,6.886 N and 0.246%,respectively,which were significantly negatively correlated with harvest maturity level.The principal component analysis showed that the fruit quality of different maturity level was as follows:maturity Ⅴ>maturity Ⅳ>maturity Ⅲ>maturity Ⅱ>maturity Ⅰ.Based on production needs and comprehensive economic benefits,maturity Ⅰ and Ⅱ were not suitable for harvesting,and maturity Ⅳ and Ⅴ had good quality and taste,but the fruit softens severely.Maturity Ⅲ could be selected as the appropriate harvesting maturity.Above results could provide theoretical basis and scientific basis for the subsequent research and production of P.domestica×armeniaca.关键词
杏李/'风味皇后'/果实品质/成熟度/色泽/主成分分析Key words
Prunus domestica×armeniaca/'Fengweihuanghou'/fruit quality/maturity level/color/principal component analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王如月,虎海防,罗莎莎,甄紫怡,徐业勇,胡晓静..杏李不同采收成熟度果实品质分析[J].中国农业科技导报,2025,27(2):158-169,12.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2023B02026) （2023B02026）
中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(ZYYD2022B15) （ZYYD2022B15）
中央财政林草科技推广示范项目(新[2023]TG04号). （新[2023]TG04号）
