果树学报2025，Vol.42Issue(2)：266-275,10.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20240409
水分胁迫对北红葡萄果实品质及有机酸合成基因表达的影响
Effects of water stress on berry quality and organic acid synthesis gene expression in Beihong grape
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Water stress refers to the phenomenon in that the normal physiological function of plants is disrupted due to inadequate or excessive soil water.This condition is mainly categorized as waterlogging stress and drought stress.In response to the imperative for developing water-saving agri-culture,effective control of soil water content has been employed to impact plant growth,fruit quality,fruit physiological indicators,and fruit gene expression.Beihong grape is a novel variety characterized by cold resistance and disease resistance that was initially selected in 1965.It is well-suited for cultiva-tion in northern regions and exhibits strong cold resistance.The aim of this study was to examine the ef-fects of water stress on grape berry quality and elucidate the pattern of organic acid accumulation in grapes under different soil water content conditions.[Methods]The nine-year-old Eurasian grapevines of Beihong was chosen as the experimental material.T1(soil relative water content 65％-80％,water-logging stress),T2(soil relative water content 40％-55％,drought stress),and CK(soil relative water content 55％-65％,control)were established on the 18th day after flowering.The basic quality(100 grain weight,soluble solids,titrable acids,total phenols,tannins and anthocyanins)and accumulation of organic acids in grape berries were measured.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was utilized to detect the expression of genes related to organic acid synthesis.[Results]Under water stress condition,100 grain mass of grapes decreased with the decrease of soil water content.On the whole,T2 treatment resulted in a significant decrease in 100 grain mass of grapes,while T1 treatment increased 100 grain mass of grapes.The soluble solids content increased gradually with grape ripening,and T2 treatment was significantly higher than other treatments,while T1 treatment was not conducive to the accumula-tion of soluble solids.Under T1 condition,the titrable acid content of grapes was lower from the berry expansion stage to the early stage of veraison,and T1 treatment resulted in fruit volume increase and ac-id concentration dilution.However,from the later stage of veraison to the mature stage,the titrable acid content with T1 was significantly higher than that with other treatments,and drought stress was signifi-cantly lower than that with other treatments,indicating that moderate water stress could reduce the acid content of grapes and accelerate berry ripening,thereby improving fruit quality.The contents of total phenol and tannin in berries showed a similar trend.At the initial stage of treatment,the contents of to-tal phenol and tannin were higher under drought stress condition,but decreased with the progress of treatment.This indicated that short-term drought stress was beneficial to the accumulation of total phe-nol and tannin in berries,while long-term drought stress was not.Anthocyanins in grapes showed a trend of single-peak increase.At 105th day after flowering,the content of anthocyanins in T2 was the highest,while the content of anthocyanins in T1 treatment was always significantly lower than that in CK and T1 treatments.Anthocyanins are compounds formed by the interaction of anthocyanins and gly-cogroups,and water stress promoted the accumulation of sugars,thus affecting the accumulation of an-thocyanins.The contents of malic and citric acids increased first and then decreased,and malic and cit-ric acids reached their highest values on 45th day after flowering.The effects of water stress on malic and citric acids were similar to those of tartaric acid.With the increase of treatment time,the content of malic and citric acids decreased significantly under drought stress condition,and water stress promoted the accumulation of malic and citric acids before the veraison stage.Different degrees of water stress could regulate the malic acid anion channel and the activity of malic acid moving protein on the mem-brane,thus affecting the transport of malic acid.Water stress affected genes related to organic acid syn-thesis in grape.The expression levels of VvIDH and VvPEPC were higher from 45 to 65 days after flow-ering,while the contents of tartaric,malic and citric acids were higher at this stage,which was closely related to the accumulation of organic acids in the early stage of veraison.The expression levels of VvCS and VvMDH in grapes were higher from 85 to 105 days after flowering.Overall,T1 treatment could induce the expression of genes related to organic acid synthesis,while T2 treatment inhibited the expression of genes related to organic acid synthesis at the later stage of treatment.[Conclusion]Soil water stress affected fruit quality and organic acid content.Drought stress treatment with 40％to 55％soil water content after color transformation significantly reduced 100 grain weight and titrable acid content,and drought stress treatment with 40％to 55％soil water content at berry maturity significantly reduced organic acid content.Drought stress can improve the berry quality of Beihong grape to some extent,and affect the expression of genes related to organic acid accumulation and synthesis.关键词
酿酒葡萄/水分胁迫/葡萄品质/有机酸/基因表达Key words
Wine grape/Water stress/Grape quality/Organic acid/Gene expression分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王佳悦,李光宗,李娟,单守明,李翔..水分胁迫对北红葡萄果实品质及有机酸合成基因表达的影响[J].果树学报,2025,42(2):266-275,10.基金项目
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2022BBF03019) （2022BBF03019）
宁夏自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03093) （2020AAC03093）
