摘要
Abstract
[Objective]With the rapid increase in global lithium demand and the depletion of traditional mineral resources,seawater has garnered significant attention as a potential source of lithium.This study aims to review current membrane separation technologies for lithium recovery from seawater,exploring their advantages,economic assessments and challenges,thereby providing theoretical support for the optimization of future seawater lithium extraction technologies.[Methods]This paper reviews various membrane separation technologies,including nanofiltration membranes(NF),membrane distillation crystallization(MDC)technology,selective ion exchange membrane-electrodialysis(ED),selective ion exchange membrane-capacitive deionization(CDI)technology,and other membrane technologies such as supported liquid membranes(SLM),ion sieve membranes(LISM),and ion-imprinted membranes(IIM).By analyzing the separation performance,efficiency and economic viability of these membrane technologies in lithium recovery from seawater,we assess their application prospects,with a particular focus on their performance in the separation of monovalent ions.[Results]NF membranes effectively separate lithium ions through the Donnan exclusion effect and steric hindrance,achieving high separation efficiency.The membrane distillation crystallization technique combines membrane distillation and crystallization processes,resulting in high water recovery rates and effective lithium salt extraction.Electrochemical membrane technologies demonstrate efficient lithium recovery capabilities driven by electric fields.Additionally,novel membrane materials such as SLM,LISM and LISM show considerable potential for lithium extraction.A comparison of the performance of various technologies in monovalent ion separation indicates that CDI and SLM technologies exhibit higher selectivity for Li+.[Conclusion]Membrane separation technologies hold significant promise for lithium extraction from seawater.Each membrane technology has its own advantages in terms of efficiency,cost,and application scenarios.Future research should focus on enhancing the selectivity,durability,and economic viability of membrane materials while addressing issues related to membrane fouling and energy consumption.关键词
锂资源/海水提锂/膜分离技术/电化学/经济性评估Key words
lithium resource/lithium extraction in seawater/membrane separation technology/electrochemistry/economic evaluation分类
资源环境
