海洋气象学报2025，Vol.45Issue(1)：69-78,10.DOI:10.19513/j.cnki.hyqxxb.20220825001
2020年北上台风对东北地区农业影响特征及产量损失估算
Characteristics of impacts of northward typhoons on agriculture in Northeast China in 2020 and estimation of total grain yield loss
摘要
Abstract
In the early autumn of 2020,it is the first time that Northeast China has been successively affected by three typhoons since 1949.Based on the meteorological observing data and yield data,the characteristics of the agrometeorological conditions in Northeast China during typhoons'intensive impact period are analyzed,and the grain yield loss per unit area and total yield loss caused by the typhoons in the three provinces of Northeast China are estimated.The results show that during the intensive impact period of typhoons Bavi,Maysak and Haishen in the early autumn of 2020,frequent heavy rainfall causes the average precipitation in Northeast China to be 3.3 times higher than that in normal years,and the precipitation in Jilin and Heilongjiang tops the records of the same period in the past 60 years.The soil moisture and waterlogging in Jilin and Heilongjiang are the heaviest compared with the same period of 2013-2020,and large-scale waterlogging disasters occur in some farmlands.Jilin and Heilongjiang are affected by the strongest wind compared with the same period in the past 40 years,causing large-scale crop lodging.The central-eastern Jilin and southern Heilongjiang suffer serious yield loss.Among the three typhoons,Typhoon Maysak triggers the most serious impact,followed by Haishen and Bavi;from the perspective of spatial distribution,the three typhoons cause the heaviest agricultural disasters in Jilin,followed by Heilongjiang and Liaoning;from the perspective of crops,maize is the most severely affected,followed by rice and soybean.In the crop growth period in 2020,the impacts of the three northward typhoons in early autumn in Jilin and Heilongjiang are the factor that leads to less autumn grain yield per unit area than in normal years.Preliminary estimation shows that the typhoons result in at least 1.15 million tons of total yield loss of autumn grain in the three provinces of Northeast China in 2020,accounting for about 1.0％of the total autumn yield;Jilin suffers the most serious total yield loss,at least 0.95 million tons,accounting for about 2.5％of the total autumn yield in Jilin;the total yield loss of autumn grain in Heilongjiang accounts for at least 0.2％.关键词
北上台风/东北地区/农业影响/气象条件/单产/产量损失Key words
northward typhoon/Northeast China/impact on agriculture/meteorological condition/yield per unit area/yield loss分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
赵秀兰,王纯枝,程路,钱永兰..2020年北上台风对东北地区农业影响特征及产量损失估算[J].海洋气象学报,2025,45(1):69-78,10.基金项目
国家气象中心2024年气象高质量发展专项(QXGZL202410) （QXGZL202410）
