天津农业科学2024，Vol.30Issue(12)：18-24,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2024.12.004
不同还田量对宁夏引黄灌区水稻秸秆腐解特征与产量的影响
The Impact of Different Amounts of Returning Farmland on the Decomposition Characteristics and Yield of Rice Straw in the Yellow River Irrigation Area of Ningxia
摘要
Abstract
In order to reveal the effects of different rice straw returning amounts on straw decomposition characteristics and subsequent rice yield in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia,a single factor completely randomized experiment was set up.The four treat-ments were no straw returning(CK),3 750 kg·hm-2 straw returning(T1),6 750 kg·hm-2 straw returning(T2)and 9 750 kg·hm-2straw returning(T3),respectively.The results showed that after rice straw was returned to the field,the decomposition rate was fast at the initial stage and slow at the late stage,and the decomposition time of straw was 90-350 days.The decomposition rates of T1,T2 and T3 treatments were 48.0%-63.2%,46.0%-61.0%and 44.7%-57.0%,respectively.The decomposition rates of different treatments were T1＞T2＞T3 from large to small under different decomposition days.The decomposition rates of straw cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin ranged from 54.0%to 59.8%,70.1%to 76.1%and 38.9%to 45.1%after 350 days of straw decomposition,respectively.The decomposition rates of each component in T3 treatment were low.In rice straw humus,the release rates of N,P and K were 43%-40.8%,45.25%-53.07%and 58.68%-63.64%,respectively.The decomposition rates of T1＞T2＞T3 in different decomposition days were in the order of T1＞T2＞T3.At 350 days of straw decomposition,the release rate of K in T1 treatment was the highest,63.64%,and the release rates of P and N were 53.07%and 43.00%,respectively.The decomposition rates of K,P and N in T2 and T3 treat-ment were 2.20%-3.61%,3.35%-7.82%and 2.48%-4.95%lower than those in T1 treatment.Compared with CK,the panicles,grains per panicle and 1 000 grain weight of T1 treatment were increased by 3.1%,6.5%and 4.5%,respectively,but they did not reach a significant level,and the yield increased by 14.4%,reaching a significant level.The number of grains per panicle and 1000 grain weight of T2 treatment were significantly increased by 12.6%and 5.9%,and the 1 000 grain weight of T3 treatment was signifi-cantly increased by 9.4%.In conclusion,after returning rice straw to the field in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia,the num-ber of panicles,the number of grains per panicle and the quality of 1 000 grains can be improved by releasing straw nutrients,which significantly affects the content of soil available nutrients,and the yield of subsequent rice can be increased by 14.4%-22.7%.Con-sidering the characteristics of straw decomposition,6 750 kg·hm-2 is the best amount of rice straw returned to the field in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area.关键词
引黄灌区/水稻/秸秆还田/腐解特征/养分释放/产量Key words
Yellow River diversion irrigation area/rice/returning straw to the field/decomposition characteristics/nutrient release/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
马志琪,徐灿,陈永伟,哈蓉,何毅,马文礼..不同还田量对宁夏引黄灌区水稻秸秆腐解特征与产量的影响[J].天津农业科学,2024,30(12):18-24,7.基金项目
宁夏回族自治区农业科技自主创新项目(NGSB-2021-13) （NGSB-2021-13）
