西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）2025，Vol.45Issue(1)：53-68,16.DOI:10.15896/j.xjtuskxb.202501005
智能化、劳动力有效配置与就业质量提升
Intelligentization,Labor Effective Allocation,and the Improvement of Employ-ment Quality
摘要
Abstract
In recent years,spurred by a global wave of new technological revolutions and industrial transformations,artificial intelligence(AI)has emerged as a paradigmatic shift in the technological domain.Nations have increasingly viewed the development of AI technology as a pivotal lever for ascending the value chain,striving to achieve breakthroughs in new arenas and thereby gain a competitive advantage in development.As labor markets gradually mature,achieving high-quality employment entails not only expanding job opportunities but also prioritizing the evaluation of employment quality,a crucial nexus for enhancing societal well-being.Against this backdrop,the further promotion of intelligentization is bound to have far-reaching significance to the employment of labor.However,existing literature predominantly focuses on the effects of intelligentization on employment scale and structure,with scant exploration from the perspective of employment quality.Therefore,this paper integrates labor force allocation into its analytical framework to deeply investigate the implications of intelligentization on employment quality and its operative mechanisms. This paper constructs a provincial-level intelligentization index based on data from various sources including the China Statistical Yearbook,the International Federation of Robotics(IFR),the China Rural Economic Management Statistical Yearbook,and independently collected data.It utilizes the China Labor Dynamics Survey databases from 2016 and 2018 to empirically examine individual employment quality.The result show that:Intelligentization has a significant role in promoting the employment quality of labor.It is found that the spatial allocation of labor force and the matching between labor force and jobs are the important channels to intelligentization influence the employment quality.Intelligentization won't improve the employment quality of all labor groups equally,grouped by the individual characteristics of labor,intelligentization has a more effective improvement in the employment quality of individuals with stronger non-cognitive ability and more specialized human capital accumulation;grouped by the geographical location of the labor,intelligentization has a more effective improvement in the employment quality of labor in areas with high economic development level. In contrast to prevailing literature,this paper innovates in several respects.Firstly,while prior studies often concentrate on singular dimensions of intelligentization's impact on employment,such as total employment,employment structure,income levels,or the employment quality of specific labor groups,this paper constructs a comprehensive indicator system to holistically depict intelligentization's impact on overall labor employment quality.Secondly,based on the distinct characteristics of labor employment decisions,this paper delineates the theoretical mechanisms through which intelligentization enhances employment quality,from the perspectives about spatial allocation of labor and labor-job matching,while examining differential impacts on labor groups with varying non-cognitive abilities and specialized human capital. This research elucidates,to a certain extent,the pathways and underlying rationale through which AI technology enhances labor employment quality,elucidating how intelligentization can surmount barriers in the process of improving employment quality and thereby empowering efforts toward achieving high-quality development.The paper holds profound policy implications:governments should not only expedite the development of intelligentization but also actively guide enterprises and workers in leveraging AI technology to effectively promote the enhancement of employment quality,fostering enduring mechanisms for promoting high-quality and sufficient employment.关键词
智能化/就业质量/劳动力空间配置/劳动力与岗位匹配Key words
intelligentization/employment quality/spatial allocation of labor/labor-job matching分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
孙早,高昕凯..智能化、劳动力有效配置与就业质量提升[J].西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）,2025,45(1):53-68,16.基金项目
国家"十三五"哲学社会科学基金重点项目(20AJY006). （20AJY006）
