新疆农业科学2024，Vol.61Issue(12)：2872-2882,11.DOI:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.12.002
拱棚环境下"干播湿出"棉田保苗技术效果评价
Research on the effect of"dry sowing and wet discharge"cotton field seedling preservation technology in an arched shed environment
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To explore the effects of arch greenhouse cultivation measures under the tech-nique of"dry sowing and wet emergence"on the emergence rate,growth process,and growth mechanism of cotton.[Methods]A field experiment was conducted in Hailou Town,Shaya County,Aksu Prefecture,Xin-jiang in 2023.The experiment was performed with two factors:sowing time and greenhouse cultivation.The conventional"dry sowing and wet emergence"was used as the control,with a total of four experimental treat-ments,namely:sowing time on April 7th and April 13th(April 13th is the local field sowing date).At the same sowing time,two cultivation management methods were used:"dry sowing and wet emergence"+green-house and conventional"dry sowing and wet emergence".Afterwards,the response characteristics under differ-ent treatments were analyzed such as air temperature,soil water heat salt,cotton emergence rate,growth indi-cators,and physiological characteristics under different treatments.[Results]The temperature inside the greenhouse was higher than the atmospheric temperature under the treatment of"dry sowing and wet dis-charge"and"arched shed".In the 0-40 cm soil layer,as the soil layer deepened,the warming effect of the arch shed gradually slowed down.Compared with the conventional"dry sowing and wet discharge"treatment,the average soil moisture content in the 0-20 cm soil layer increased by 1.57％to 2.16％,and the average soil moisture content in the 20-40 cm soil layer increased by 0.46％to 2.11％.Moreover,the electrical con-ductivity of the 0-40 cm layers of soil treated with"dry sowing and wet discharge"and arched shed was lower than that of the"dry sowing and wet discharge"treatment.The height,stem diameter,and aboveground dry matter accumulation of cotton plants treated with"dry sowing and wet emergence"and arched shed were sig-nificantly higher than those treated with"dry sowing and wet emergence"(P＜0.05).The chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of cotton treated with"dry sowing and wet emergence"and arched shed were 12.11％-14.29％and 32.74％-41.68％higher than those treated with"dry sowing and wet emergence",respectively.[Conclusion]Arched shed treatment can increase surface soil temperature,improve soil water retention capacity,reduce soil salt content,increase cotton emergence rate,promote cotton plant height,stem diameter,aboveground dry matter accumulation,and leaf area index growth,which is conducive to cotton pho-tosynthesis.In addition,early sowing has a significant promoting effect on cotton growth.关键词
棉花/拱棚/干播湿出/棚内温度/土壤温度/土壤含水率Key words
cotton/arched shed/dry sowing and wet discharge/temperature inside the shed/soil temper-ature/soil moisture content分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
卢红琴,白云岗,柴仲平,卢震林,刘洪波,郑明,肖军..拱棚环境下"干播湿出"棉田保苗技术效果评价[J].新疆农业科学,2024,61(12):2872-2882,11.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技计划项目(2022A02007-3) （2022A02007-3）
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900805-04、2022YFD190010404) （2021YFD1900805-04、2022YFD190010404）
国家自然科学基金项目(52269017) （52269017）
天山英才培养计划科技创新领军人才(2022TSYCLJ0069) Major Science and Technology Plan Projects of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022A02007-3) （2022TSYCLJ0069）
National Key Research and Development Plan Project(2021 yfd1900805-04 and 2022yfd190010404) （2021 yfd1900805-04 and 2022yfd190010404）
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52269017) （52269017）
Xinjiang Tianshan Talent Leading Talent Cultivation Project(2022tsyclj0069) （2022tsyclj0069）
