新疆农业科学2024，Vol.61Issue(12)：2921-2933,13.DOI:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.12.007
东北春大豆种质资源表型分析及综合性评价
Phenotype analysis and comprehensive evaluation of spring soybean germplasm resources from northeast China
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To enhance the utilization efficiency of spring soybean germplasm resources in northeast China and identify high-quality materials.[Methods]A total of 209 cultivars and landraces under-went a series of statistical analyses,including descriptive statistics,cluster analysis,segmented linear regres-sion analysis,and a comprehensive evaluation of 12 traits over a three-year period.[Results]The range of phenotypic coefficients of variation and diversity indices indicated that branch node number,stem thickness,and one hundred seed weight showed a relatively stable pattern.In contrast,nine traits,including number of branches,percentage of damaged seeds weight by insect of total seed weight per plant,and pod number per plant,exhibited a high degree of variability.Principal component analysis revealed that all traits could be con-densed into yield,insect resistance,one hundred seed weight,and plant architecture factors.The yield factor was positively correlated with plant architecture factor and negatively correlated with one hundred seed weight,percentage of damaged seeds by insect of total seed number per plant,and percentage of damaged seeds weight by insect of total seed weight per plant.Germplasm resources could be classified into four categories.Class Ⅰwas characterized by moderate plant architecture and high pod number.Class Ⅱ was distinguished by short plants and low yield per plant.Class Ⅲ was defined by ideal plant architecture and the highest yield.Class Ⅳwas similar to Group Ⅰ but exhibited poor insect resistance.The results of piecewise linear regression analysis indicated that the optimal high-yielding soybean characteristics exhibited a plant height of approximately 102.03 cm,19.93 nodes,3.5 branches,11.39 mm stem thickness,99.73 pods,and 286.09 seeds,with minimal feeding by soybean pod borer.The DTOPSIS(dynamic technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution)method calculated D scores of the germplasm ranging from 0.59 to-0.25,with a mean of 0.16.[Conclusion]The phenotypic diversity of spring soybeans in northeast China is considerable,with ClassⅠ and Class Ⅲ representing promising sources for plant architecture improvement and high-yield breeding,re-spectively.High-yielding soybeans are distinguished by their moderate plant architecture,high seed number,and insect resistance.The three resources Soy194,Soy052,and Soy196,which have achieved excellent D scores,are exemplary germplasm for soybean breeding.关键词
大豆/农艺性状/聚类分析/分段线性回归/综合评价Key words
soybean/agronomic traits/cluster analysis/piecewise liner regression/comprehensive evalu-ation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
杨祥波,张君,陈亮宇,杨松楠,陈喜凤,邢伟明,李雪莹,丛炜轩,臧振原,臧远波..东北春大豆种质资源表型分析及综合性评价[J].新疆农业科学,2024,61(12):2921-2933,13.基金项目
吉林省科技发展计划项目"大豆高产、优质新品种选育及基因编辑技术应用于种质创制研究"(20240303009NC) Jilin Science and Technology Development Program Project"Breeding of High-yielding and High-quality New Cultivar of Soybean and Application of Gene Editing Technology to Germplasm Creation"(20240303009NC) （20240303009NC）
