中国畜牧兽医2025，Vol.52Issue(2)：934-945,12.DOI:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.02.042
抗菌肽抑菌作用机制及在畜禽中的应用
Mechanism of Antibacterial Action of Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Application in Livestock and Poultry
摘要
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)are a class of small peptides encoded by host genes with broad-spectrum bactericidal effects,and are important components of non-specific immunity in almost all organisms.There are many kinds of AMPs,which can be divided into antibacterial,antifungal,antiviral,antiparasitic,antitumor and other types according to their biological activities.AMPs are generally positively charged and amphiphilic,interacting with hydrophobic surfaces and membrane structures,breaking the integrity of the membrane and inhibiting the activity of intracellular nucleic acids and proteins,and exerting bacteriostatic effects on cell walls,cell membranes,intracellular and virus-related targets.Among the AMPs targeting cell membranes,relevant studies have proposed different cell membrane damage models such as barrel plate,ring hole,carpet,cohesion,etc.AMPs exhibit broad-spectrum bioactivities such as anti-bacterial,anti-fungal and anti-viral through different bactericidal mechanisms.AMPs have a broad application prospect due to their unique bactericidal mechanism.In the process of livestock and poultry breeding,AMPs as a kind of green feed additives,AMPs can increase the body weight of livestock and poultry,improve the number of intestinal beneficial bacteria,increase the content of immunoglobulin,and reduce the concentration of inflammatory factors,which play an important role in the production performance,intestinal flora,immunity and disease prevention of livestock and poultry,and is a good choice for the replacement of anti-products for the future development of the livestock and poultry industry.However,AMPs still have constraints such as the usage dosage has not been clarified,the cost of use is high,and the effect of combined use is not clear,etc.The authors summarized the mechanism of the bacteriostatic effect of AMPs and their application in livestock and poultry,and looked forward to the future development of them,with a view to providing a reference for the research and application of AMPs.关键词
抗菌肽/作用机制/生产性能/肠道菌群/免疫/疾病防治Key words
antimicrobial peptides/mechanism of action/production performance/intestinal flora/immunization/disease prevention and treatment分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郭佳佳,聂晶,曲久,旦增占都,李小伟,江明锋,刘益丽..抗菌肽抑菌作用机制及在畜禽中的应用[J].中国畜牧兽医,2025,52(2):934-945,12.基金项目
那曲市科技局重点研发计划项目(NQKJ-2023-07) （NQKJ-2023-07）
西南民族大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310656106) （S202310656106）
四川省区域创新合作项目(2023YFQ0076) （2023YFQ0076）
