作物杂志Issue(1)：26-34,9.DOI:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.01.004
141份国内外小麦种质资源主要性状遗传多样性分析与特异性评价
Genetic Diversity Analysis and Specificity Evaluation of Main Traits of 141 Wheat Germplasm Resources at Domestic and Foreign
摘要
Abstract
To expand the genetic reservoir of wheat and facilitate the availability of superior breeding material in China,this research employed a total of 141 wheat germplasms,encompassing both domestic and foreign cultivars.Fifteen key traits were meticulously examined and assessed through a comprehensive array of analytical techniques,including variation analysis,genetic diversity analysis,cluster analysis,and grey correlation analysis.The findings indicated that the coefficients of variation(CV)for agronomic traits spanned from 6.87%to 48.18%,the CV for length of spike neck was the largest,while the CV for total number of spikelet was the smallest.The CV for the six quality traits ranged from 2.55%to 23.90%.The CV of sedimentation value was the largest,while the CV of starch content was the smallest.The genetic diversity index(H')ranged from 1.08 to 2.09,with the lowest value observed for moisture content and the highest value observed for plant height.Cluster analysis categorized the 141 wheat germplasms into six groups,each exhibiting significantly outstanding traits.An analysis of specificity was conducted on a total of 141 wheat germplasms,the findings indicated that there were no significant distinctions observed between domestic and Mexican wheat germplasms in terms of seven major breeding traits.However,a relatively large number of differences were observed in other foreign wheat varieties.Furthermore,the wheat varieties from the United States,Europe,and Australia exhibited a relatively low grain number per spike.Additionally,the wheat germplasms from the United States exhibited the lowest 1000-kernel weight,followed by wheat germplasms from Canada and Europe.In comparison to wheat germplasms originating from other nations,Canada wheat germplasms exhibited the highest wet gluten content.Through the application of grey correlation analysis,a total of eighteen elite germplasms,namely CM98,CM26,CM84,CM99,and CM24,were identified.These varieties hold potential for breeders to discern and choose superior accessions as parental candidates within breeding programs.关键词
小麦/种质资源/遗传多样性/农艺性状/品质性状Key words
Wheat/Germplasm resources/Genetic diversity/Agronomic traits/Quality traits引用本文复制引用
颜群翔,庞玉辉,洪壮壮,毕俊鸽,王春平..141份国内外小麦种质资源主要性状遗传多样性分析与特异性评价[J].作物杂志,2025,(1):26-34,9.基金项目
河南省重大科技专项(231100110300) （231100110300）
神农种业实验室一流课题(SN01-2022-01) （SN01-2022-01）
