核化学与放射化学2025，Vol.47Issue(1)：1-16,16.DOI:10.7538/hhx.2025.47.01.0001
黏土矿物-生物复合胶体影响放射性核素迁移行为与机理研究进展
Progress on Effect of Clay Mineral-Biocomposite Colloids on Radionuclides Migration and Mechanism
摘要
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding and scientific assessment of radionuclides migration are of great significance for nuclear environmental safety assessment and for the design of effective removal and remediation strategies for radioactive contaminated sites.The presence of environmental colloids can affect the migration behavior of radionuclides.It is generally believed that the migration of radioactive nuclides in the environment is carried out in the form of solutes,and the main processes of migration are diffusion and adsorption.They can also undergo complex physical and chemical interactions with natural mineral components such as clay minerals and biological media such as microorganisms,thereby slowing down or even blocking their further migration and diffusion in the natural environment.However,the presence of various colloids in the environment,especially clay mineral-biocomposite colloids,complicates the prediction and analysis of radionuclide migration.The research on the interaction mechanism and migration behavior of these environmental composite colloids and radionuclides will become more complicated.Thus,effectively controlling and preventing the migration of radionuclides in the environment and predicting their potential hazards are an urgent task.This review summarizes the migration behavior of colloids and radionuclides,discusses the main factors affecting the migration of colloids,and examines the mechanism affecting the migration behavior of colloids and radionuclides.Furthermore,the detection means and analytical methods were explained.The results show the migration behavior of environmental colloids such as clay minerals and biological colloids with radioactive nuclides in porous media is influenced by the physical and chemical factors such as pH,ion strength and valence state,organic matter,and microorganisms.Colloidal aggregation,deposition,and release occur during the transport of colloidal loaded nuclides,which are regulated by multiple mechanisms including convection-diffusion,adsorption-desorption,aggregation,straining,blocking,and ripening.Under laboratory conditions,the interaction mechanism between colloids and nuclides is mainly studied by using aggregation kinetics experiments,static adsorption batch experiments,column migration experiments,and advanced spectroscopic characterization methods such as transmission electron microscopy(TEM),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy(TRLFS),etc.In the real natural environment,there are not only a wide variety of clay minerals and biological colloids such as bacteria,but also a large number of complex system ions such as carbonate,phosphate,sulfate,and silicate,which have synergistic and antagonistic effects.These can cause changes in the fate of radioactive pollutants and pose potential threats to nuclear environmental safety.Therefore,it is necessary to focus on the interaction and migration behavior of various environmental colloids and radioactive nuclides with different compositions and ratios,as well as their environmental fate in future research.关键词
核素迁移/环境胶体/放射性污染修复/相互作用机理Key words
radionuclide transport/environmental colloids/radioactive contamination remediation/interaction mechanism分类
化学引用本文复制引用
唐清枫,徐真,孙亚楼,张奇,谭琪,潘多强,吴王锁..黏土矿物-生物复合胶体影响放射性核素迁移行为与机理研究进展[J].核化学与放射化学,2025,47(1):1-16,16.基金项目
国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLNBC2023-08) （SKLNBC2023-08）
国家原子能机构高放废物地质处置创新中心开放基金(CXJJ21102210) （CXJJ21102210）
兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(lzujbky-2024-stlt01) （lzujbky-2024-stlt01）
