北方农业学报2024，Vol.52Issue(6)：83-93,11.DOI:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2024.06.10
不同类型有机肥部分替代化肥对马铃薯产量的影响
Effect of partial substitution of chemical fertilisers with different types of organic fertilisers on potato yield
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To investigate the effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizers with different types of organic fertilizers on potato yield in the dry farming area of the northern foothills of the Yinshan Mountains in Inner Mongolia,providing a reference for potato cultivation in this region.[Methods]Five treatments were established,application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizer(NPK),NPK+liquid fertilizer(NPK+LM),NPK+granular fertilizer(NPK+GM),NPK+sheep dung fertilizer(NPK+SM),and NPK+bio-organic fertilizer(NPK+BM).The impact of these treatments on potato yield and its components,growth indicators,nutrient uptake of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium by plants,soil water use efficiency,and nutrient content in the plow layer soil were analyzed.[Results]The NPK+BM treatment resulted in the highest potato yield,commercial tuber yield,number of commercial tubers,individual tuber weight,and commercial tuber rate,which were 30.83 t/hm2,20.34 t/hm2,84 700 tubers/hm2,162.86 g/tuber,and 65.96%,respectively;during the tuber bulking stage,the plant height and leaf area index of potatoes were the highest,at 82.89 cm and 8.06,respectively,showing significant differences compared to the NPK treatment(P＜0.05);at harvest stage,the dry matter accumulation in the stems,leaves,and tubers of potatoes were the highest,at 75.51,67.36,and 145.81 g/plant,respectively;at harvest stage,the highest uptake of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium by plants,at 296.83,36.09,and 285.92 kg/hm2,respectively.The NPK+LM treatment had the highest water use efficiency,at 128.95 kg/(hm2·mm),followed by the NPK+BM treatment,at 113.87 kg/(hm2·mm).The NPK+BM treatment had the highest soil fast-acting potassium content of 137.33 mg/kg,and higher soil effective phosphorus,alkaline-hydrolyzed nitrogen,and organic matter content of 25.53 mg/kg,88.68 mg/kg,and 22.95 g/kg,respectively.[Conclusion]The NPK+bio-organic fertilizer treatment can effectively promote the growth and development of potatoes,and enhance nutrient uptake efficiency,increase yield,playing a positive role in maintaining soil health.It can be considered a more suitable combination of organic fertilizers to partially replace chemical fertilizers in the dry farming area of the northern foothills of the Yinshan Mountains.关键词
马铃薯/生物有机肥/产量/干物质积累量/土壤养分含量Key words
Potato/Bio-organic fertilizer/Yield/Dry matter accumulation/Soil nutrient content分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
兰慧青,张婷婷,梁俊梅,张君,李虹谕,安昊,侯建伟,郭雪娇,张诗雨..不同类型有机肥部分替代化肥对马铃薯产量的影响[J].北方农业学报,2024,52(6):83-93,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD190050504) （2023YFD190050504）
内蒙古农牧业创新基金项目(2023CXJJN20) （2023CXJJN20）
