沈阳工业大学学报2025，Vol.47Issue(1)：1-13,13.DOI:10.7688/j.issn.1000-1646.2025.01.01
永磁同步直线电机次级磁场检测技术综述
Review of secondary magnetic field detection technology for permanent magnet synchronous linear motor
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Permanent magnet synchronous linear motors(PMSLMs)eliminate the need for intermediate transmission devices,thus having a simple structure and being able to achieve direct-drive reciprocating motion.They possess advantages such as high thrust density,high efficiency,and the ability to meet the demands of high-speed long-stroke motion and micron-level and nanometer-level dynamic precision.These characteristics make them widely applicable in high-precision processing fields such as laser cutting machines,CNC machines,and 3D printers.As an essential component of PMSLMs,permanent magnets provide a constant magnetic field environment in the air gap of the motors.The uniformity of the magnetic field distribution is closely related to motor performance.Hence,there is a need for timely detection and replacement of faulty permanent magnets to ensure the stability of motor thrust and power density.[Methods]This paper provided a comprehensive introduction to the secondary magnetic field detection of PMSLMs.It began with an introduction to the topological structure and working principle of the motors and analytical formulas for the magnetic field.It then summarized the mechanisms of magnetic field changes and common causes of magnetic field failures.The paper also introduced different permanent magnet faults including local demagnetization,uniform demagnetization,defects,and cracks and the modeling methods for magnetic fields subject to different faults,such as analytical method,finite element method,and Matlab modeling method.Finally,it discussed the fault signals chosen for secondary magnetic field detection of PMSLMs,such as current signals,magnetic flux signals,electromotive force signals,vibration signals,and magnetic field signals,and points out their advantages and disadvantages.[Results]After sorting and summarizing various methods and key technologies,the paper finds that current PMSLMs magnetic field detection mainly relies on magnetic field signals and feature extraction methods to achieve offline diagnosis of magnetic field failures.[Conclusion]To achieve real-time fault diagnosis and improve motor reliability,future trends in magnetic field fault diagnosis should focus more on the study of signals collected in real time such as electromotive force,current,and magnetic flux,so that demagnetization failures can be detected on line.At the same time,high fault-tolerant adaptive control strategies need to be developed to ensure that the motors can maintain output performance and thereby reliable operation even when demagnetization failures occur.关键词
永磁同步直线电机/永磁体退磁/永磁体缺损/永磁体裂纹/磁场检测/直驱式往复运动/电机气隙/次级磁场Key words
permanent magnet synchronous linear motor/demagnetization of permanent magnet/permanent magnet defect/permanent magnet crack/magnetic field detection/direct-drive reciprocating motion/air gap of motor/secondary magnetic field分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
赵吉文,尹乐,宋俊材,盘真保,于子翔,王立俊..永磁同步直线电机次级磁场检测技术综述[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2025,47(1):1-13,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20644,52177038). （U23A20644,52177038）
