中国农业大学学报2025，Vol.30Issue(4)：15-27,13.DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2025.04.02
洱海流域水稻主栽品种产量和稻米品质差异研究
Study on the differences in yield and quality among the main rice varieties in the Erhai basin
摘要
Abstract
To screen high-quality and productive rice varieties suitable for cultivation in the Erhai basin,13 main rice varieties planted in Yunnan Province were used as test materials in a randomized block design,and were planted routinely,and the main variety'Yungeng 37'was used as a control in Gusheng Village,Wanqiao Town,Dali City,Yunnan Province.The yield and constitutive factors and quality indexes of the varieties were determined,and the correlation analysis and principal component analysis were conducted using the method of comprehensive score evaluation.The results showed that:The effective panicles was the highest in'Yungeng 57'at 680.7 ×104/hm2,and 17.4％higher than that of'Yungeng 37'(P＜0.05);The number of kernels per panicle was the highest in'Shengnong 4'at 143.3 and the lowest in'Feng 15-53'at 80.3;The seed setting rate of each variety ranged from 74.8％to 95.2％,among which the'Yungeng 50'had the highest seed setting rate and'Yunkegeng 1'had the lowest;The 1 000-grain weight was the highest in'Feng 15-53'at 29.5 g,which was 17.7％higher than that of'Yungeng 37';'Yunliangyou 502'had the highest yield of 14.9 t/hm2 and'Yunkegeng 1'had the lowest yield of 10.2 t/hm2.The brown rice rate was the highest in'Chugeng 22'at 82.6％,which was 3.3％higher than that of'Yungeng 37',and the lowest in'Dianheyou 615'at 76.0％;Both the milled rice rate and head rice rate were the highest for'Yunliangyou 502',which were 76.7％and 75.5％,respectively;The amylose content of each variety ranged from 4.4 to 22.4 g/100 g,and the gelatin consistency ranged from 62.3 to 96.7 mm;The highest taste value was'Yungeng 50'at 89.6,and the lowest was'Yungeng 48'at 80.9;"Feng 15-53"had the highest protein content of 9.7 g/100 g,followed by"Yungeng 21k-10"of 9.6 g/100 g.The yield and quality levels of the 13 rice varieties for testing had different degrees of variation,with yield variation mainly in the number of kernels per panicle and the number of effective panicles,while the quality trait variation primarily in the amylose content.There were correlations among the yield and constitutive factors and quality traits of the 13 rice varieties for testing,among which the yield was highly significantly positively correlated with the milled rice rate and head rice rate,with correlation coefficients(r)of 0.460 and 0.551,respectively,while the seed setting rate was highly significantly positively correlated with the brown rice rate,with rof 0.528,and the amylose content was highly considerably negatively correlated with the gelatin consistency,with r of-0.779.The composite score of'Yungeng 50'was the highest at 1.932 7,while'Dianheyou 615'was the lowest at-0.609 9.Therefore,'Yungeng 50'has the best quality and yield,and can be used as the optimal choice of rice varieties for planting in the Erhai basin.关键词
水稻/产量/品质/洱海流域/主成分分析Key words
rice/yield/quality/Erhai basin/principal component analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
马骋芳,康锁倩,徐玖亮..洱海流域水稻主栽品种产量和稻米品质差异研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2025,30(4):15-27,13.基金项目
云南省重大科技专项(202202AE090034) （202202AE090034）
