中国农业大学学报2025，Vol.30Issue(4)：142-153,12.DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2025.04.12
江汉鸡羽毛花纹新性状"心形镶边羽"的遗传规律解析
Inheritance pattern of the new plumage pattern trait "heart-shaped lacing feather" in Jianghan chickens
摘要
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the inheritance pattern and mechanism underlying a newly reported phenotype,namely"heart-shaped lacing feather",in Jiang Han chickens.This phenotype consists of a heart-shaped eumelanin pattern at the end edge of a feather.In this study,the associations between the phenotypes of heart-shaped lacing feather and its candidate mutations(related mutations of GJA5,SOX10,and MC1R genes)were analyzed mainly through two methods:testing in a large population and in a constructed resource family,followed by the establishment of a molecular breeding protocol for"heart-shaped lacing feather"chickens.The results showed that:1)There was no significant association between the upstream deletion of SOX10 gene and the trait of"heart-shaped bordered feather"in Jianghan chicken(P＞0.05).2)Four missense mutations in MC1R gene(Met71Thr,Glu92Lys,Ala143Thr,and His215Pro)and the haplotypes formed by them were all significantly correlated with eumelanism in feathers(P＜0.05).3)In the feathers with the ability to deposit eumelanin,mediated by MC1R,the specific position of eumelanin in feathers were mainly affected by the indel mutation in the upstream of GJA5 gene.Thus,the GJA5 mutation played a major role in determining the"heart-shaped feather"(P＜0.01),and showed partial dominant inheritance and sex-influenced inheritance;4)Joint analysis showed that MC1R mutations had epistatic effects on GJA5 mutation;5)After screening,it was found that individuals with mutated or heterozygous MC1R92 amino acid site,wild-type 143 site,and mutant of GJA5 upstream,have the largest proportion of heart-shaped feathers(85.19％).Therefore,the molecular breeding protocol for heart shaped lacing feather chickens,consists with selection by phenotype,then the 2 MC1R missense mutations,then GJA5 mutation,were established.This study identified the inheritance pattern of heart-shaped lacing feathers,which laid a foundation for breeding of domestic chickens with this phenotype,giving full play to the role of feather as a labelling trait,and increasing the competitiveness for the spent hens of Jianghan chicken.关键词
江汉鸡/心形镶边羽/分子育种/GJA5/MC1RKey words
Jiang Han chicken/heart-shaped lacing feather/molecular breeding/GJA5/MC1R分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张苗爽,郭屹凡,吴丽峰,李竞一..江汉鸡羽毛花纹新性状"心形镶边羽"的遗传规律解析[J].中国农业大学学报,2025,30(4):142-153,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32202663) （32202663）
湖北省重点研发计划项目(2021BBA234) （2021BBA234）
