储能科学与技术2025，Vol.14Issue(2)：717-727,11.DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0804
锂电池湿式冷却系统数值模拟及性能分析
Numerical simulation and performance analysis of a wet cooling system for lithium-ion batteries
摘要
Abstract
The thermal management system of electric vehicle batteries is crucial in cooling the battery.In this study,we propose a wet cooling system for lithium-ion batteries.The wet cooling system consists of two cooling stages.The first stage involves precooling the air via spray evaporation,and the second stage involves the formation of a liquid film on the battery surface via spraying.The liquid films evaporate under air flow which then cools the battery.To study the influence of various factors on spray evaporation and liquid-film evaporation,computational fluid dynamics analysis of the wet cooling system was carried out using Fluent software.The effects of spray mass flow,wind speed,air humidity,droplet size,and air pressure on the cooling performance of both stages were explored.The simulation results show that the effects of spray mass flow rate and wind speed are different for both stages,whereas the effects of air humidity,droplet size,and air pressure on both stages are identical.The effectiveness of air precooling in the first stage increases with higher spray mass flow rates and decreases with increasing wind speeds.Lower humidity,smaller particle size,and reduced air pressure favor both cooling stages.The position of the nozzle has an impact on the spray evaporation,and an adequate distance between the nozzle and the battery is more effective for the air precooling of the spray.To provide better cooling conditions for both stages,the spray mass flow rate and wind speed were improved in stages.After the improvement,the air precooling capacity of the first stage was augmented through a reduction in both wind velocity and spray mass flow rate.In the second stage,the battery was subjected to increased wind velocity and a more uniform liquid-film distribution.This resulted in a 1.9℃decrease in the battery's average temperature and a 1.7℃reduction in its maximum temperature differential.关键词
锂电池/湿式冷却系统/喷雾冷却影响因素/分阶段冷却Key words
lithium battery/wet cooling system/spray cooling influencing factors/phased cooling分类
能源与动力引用本文复制引用
黎家玮,刘祯..锂电池湿式冷却系统数值模拟及性能分析[J].储能科学与技术,2025,14(2):717-727,11.基金项目
湖北省自然科学基金创新发展联合基金项目(2022CFD083),"新能源汽车与智慧交通"湖北省优势特色学科群(XKTD012022). （2022CFD083）
