重庆理工大学学报（自然科学版）2025，Vol.39Issue(3)：138-145,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8425(z).2025.02.017
滑阀均压槽尺寸对侧向力及泄漏量影响的流场仿真研究
Flow field simulation study on the impact of slide valve equalizing groove dimensions on lateral force and leakage
摘要
Abstract
The hydraulic spool valve,an essential precision control component in hydraulic systems,is widely used in aerospace,construction machinery and industrial automation,etc.,precisely regulating various fluid parameters.However,during actual operation,due to the uneven distribution of flow velocity and pressure as hydraulic oil flows through the gap between the spool and the valve body,a hydraulic lateral force is generated,causing the spool to experience motion stagnation or even lock-up,which seriously affects the normal operation of the system.Setting pressure-equalizing grooves on the spool valve can change the flow path and pressure distribution of the oil,balance the pressure on both sides of the spool,and is an effective strategy to solve the problem.Optimizing these grooves is key to improving the performance of the spool valve. In our study,computational fluid dynamics(CFD)tools are employed.We focus on the structural dimensions of the pressure-equalizing grooves on the spool of a specific-type hydraulic spool valve.Based on the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and combined with the standard k-ε turbulence model,a simulation analysis is conducted on the flow fields between the spool and the valve sleeve with different-sized pressure-equalizing grooves to investigate the influence of the groove size on the lateral force and leakage amount. Our research results show in the design of hydraulic spool valves,setting rectangular pressure-equalizing grooves on the spool effectively reduces the lateral force acting on the spool.When the width or depth of the pressure-equalizing grooves exceeds 10 times the valve-body clearance,the effect of reducing the lateral force becomes significant.When it reaches about 20 times the valve-body clearance,the reduction in lateral force is optimal,and the axial pressure distribution within the spool-valve clearance is also the best.However,as the width of the pressure-equalizing grooves increases,the leakage amount will continuously rise.Therefore,in the design,it is necessary to balance the relationship between the reduction in lateral force caused by the growth in the size of the pressure-equalizing grooves and the increase in leakage amount,and thus improve the overall performance of the system through optimized design.Although the rising leakage is a side effect of incorporating pressure-equalizing grooves,their significant advantage in reducing lateral force remains a core design consideration. Our study clearly defines the design range of the optimal size of the pressure-equalizing grooves and elaborates in detail on the specific influence mechanisms of the groove size on the lateral force of the spool and the leakage amount of the spool valve.Our research results may provide a theoretical basis for the design of hydraulic spool valves and generate significant implications for relevant engineering projects.关键词
液压滑阀/均压槽/CFD/侧向力/泄漏量Key words
hydraulic spool valve/pressure equalization groove/CFD/lateral force/leakage amount分类
机械制造引用本文复制引用
罗艳蕾,龙胜堂,罗瑜,沈洪斌..滑阀均压槽尺寸对侧向力及泄漏量影响的流场仿真研究[J].重庆理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2025,39(3):138-145,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52265007) （52265007）
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合中引地[2023]010) （黔科合中引地[2023]010）
