铁道科学与工程学报2025，Vol.22Issue(2)：485-495,11.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20240540
超导磁浮列车明线与隧道内气动噪声仿真研究
Simulation study of aerodynamic noise of superconducting maglev trains in open air and tunnels
摘要
Abstract
Superconducting maglev trains operate at Mach number close to 0.5,and aerodynamic noise dominates.When the train passes through the tunnel at full speed,the aerodynamic excitation on its near-wall surface increases dramatically.Based on large eddy simulation and N-S equation,a numerical simulation study was conducted for a 600 km/h superconducting maglev train in open air and a tunnel with a cross-sectional area of 79 m2,to analyze the disturbance structure of the near-wall flow field of the train,the distribution of aerodynamic noise sources on the body surface,and the differences in interior noise under open air and tunnel conditions.The results show that:the aerodynamic disturbances around the superconducting maglev train under open air and tunnel conditions are mainly distributed on both sides of the train roof,as well as the streamline and wake zones of the tail car,and the aerodynamic disturbances around the train and the tail flow area are significantly enhanced under tunnel condition.The areas with stronger dipole noise sources under open air and tunnel conditions are mainly located behind the superconducting coils,on both side of roof of the mid-vehicle,and in the tail car streamline area.The equivalent sound source of each component of the train is significantly enhanced under tunnel condition.Under tunnel condition,the increase in equivalent sound power of each part of the train is not consistent.The growth of equivalent sound power of the middle car 1～6,non-streamlined tail car and streamlined tail car is about 7.8 times,8.3 times,10.27 times,8.8 times,12.15 times,12.19 times,7.68 times,12.03 times,respectively,as compared to that under open line condition.The spectral curves of the whole train and different parts show broad peaks,while the tunnel condition shows broad peaks.Under tunnel conditions,the dipole noise energy in the whole frequency band,especially in the range of 125～5 000 Hz,increases significantly as compared to the open air conditions,and the peak frequency of the surface sound power increases.The 160 Hz discrete sub-peak of the dipole noise under tunnel conditions originates from the surface pulsation pressure generated by the aerodynamic excitation impacting on the underfloor of the car in the concave cavity of the track.Affected by the piston effect,as compared to open air condition,the superconducting maglev train interior noise level under tunnel condition significantly increased.The maximum interior noise under open air and tunnel conditions was obtained in the tail car area,and the peak values of interior noise were 82.5 dB(A)and 97.7 dB(A),respectively.The research results provide a reference for the optimal design of superconducting maglev train aerodynamic noise under tunneling conditions.关键词
大涡模拟/超导磁浮列车/气动噪声/隧道/明线Key words
large eddy simulation/superconducting maglev train/aerodynamic noise/tunnel/open air分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
贺义,杨成,杨志刚,袁思齐,卢鑫源..超导磁浮列车明线与隧道内气动噪声仿真研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2025,22(2):485-495,11.基金项目
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(P2019J008) （P2019J008）
中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司技术服务项目(9600009576) （9600009576）
