铁道科学与工程学报2025，Vol.22Issue(2)：509-522,14.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20240563
风屏障端部缓冲结构对列车动力性能的影响
Effects of buffer structures at ends of the wind barrier on dynamic performance of a train
摘要
Abstract
In order to solve the problem of sudden changes in aerodynamic loads caused by the rapid switching of the train operating environment when high-speed trains enter or exit the bridge wind barrier area,which affects the safety and comfort of train operation,two types of buffer structures were proposed for the end of the bridge wind barrier:the gradient buffer structure with ventilation rate and the gradient buffer structure with height.These buffer structures are designed to enable a smooth transition for high-speed trains in both the inner and outer areas of the bridge wind barrier.By using an improved delayed detached eddy simulation method,CFD models were developed for the curved wind barrier,high-speed train,bridge,and the two types of buffer structures.The comparative study was conducted on the mitigating effect of the two buffer structures on the degree of sudden changes in aerodynamic loads of high-speed trains caused by wind barriers.On this basis,a coupled dynamic model of the train-rail-bridge system was established,and the effectiveness of the two buffer schemes were verified from the perspectives of driving safety using the multi-body dynamics software UNIVERSAL MECHANISM.The results indicate that installing a gradient buffer structure with variable ventilation rate at the end of the bridge wind barrier can effectively reduce the amplitude of aerodynamic load coefficients when high-speed trains enter or exit the wind barrier area.Meanwhile,this structure ensures a gradual decrease in pressure on windward surface of the train as it enters the wind barrier area and reduces the size of the vortex around the train.The mitigation effect of gradient buffer structure with a variable ventilation rate on sudden changes in aerodynamic loads is significantly superior to that of the gradient buffer structure with a variable height.In addition,the gradient buffer structure with a variable ventilation rate is more effective in reducing the maximum values of the wheel load reduction rate and derailment coefficient when high-speed trains enter and exit the bridge wind barrier area,thereby significantly improving the running safety of the train.The research results provide a reference for further ensuring the safe and stable operation of high-speed trains on bridges in strong wind regions.关键词
高速列车/风屏障/气动荷载突变/缓冲结构/数值模拟/动力性能Key words
high-speed train/wind barrier/sudden change in aerodynamic load/buffer structure/numerical simulation/dynamic performance分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
陶玮,娄平,孙震..风屏障端部缓冲结构对列车动力性能的影响[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2025,22(2):509-522,14.基金项目
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(L2021G002) （L2021G002）
