地球学报2025，Vol.46Issue(2)：376-396,21.DOI:10.3975/cagsb.2024.111408
青藏高原柴达木盆地盐湖K、Li、B等盐类资源研究进展
Progress in the Study of Potassium,Lithium,and Boron Salt Resources in Salt Lakes of the Qaidam Basin on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
摘要
Abstract
The Qaidam Basin is the largest plateau-type inland basin in western China.It is renowned for its rich mineral resources in salt lakes,particularly its significant reserves of potassium(K),lithium(Li),and boron(B),which are of domestic and international importance.This review explores the factors that contribute to the enrichment of these resources,which are categorized into four aspects:geological structure,climate change,chemical weathering and deposition,and water recharge.The unique"alpine deep basin"environment of Qaidam Basin was shaped by geological tectonic movement,creating the initial conditions necessary for salt deposition.Climate change,especially the onset of arid climate,further promoted the evaporation and concentration of salts.Chemical weathering provided the source of minerals for the salt lakes,and the depositional process determined where these substances were enriched in the basin.The water recharge includes surface water,groundwater,hot springs,and deep oil field water,which plays a crucial role in the enrichment of K,Li,and B salts in the lake.In addition,isotope geochemical methods have been widely applied to reveal the sources of brine,recharge sources,and mineralization processes in salt lakes,thereby providing novel insights for a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the geochemical system of salt lakes.However,some unsolved problems remain,such as the evolution of the ancient lake of Qaidam and the mineralization of K salts under the mixing of calcium-chlorine(Ca-Cl)brines.Addressing these issues is vital for advancing our understanding of the enrichment and mineralization mechanisms of strategic salt lake resources.关键词
柴达木盆地/盐湖/盐类资源/富集成因/物源/成矿机制/同位素Key words
Qaidam Basin/salt lake/salt resource/enrichment genesis/material source/mineralization mechanism/isotope引用本文复制引用
饶辉辉,潘彤,贺茂勇,侯殿保,陈建洲,周江迪..青藏高原柴达木盆地盐湖K、Li、B等盐类资源研究进展[J].地球学报,2025,46(2):376-396,21.基金项目
本文由陕西省杰出青年基金项目(编号:2022JC-16)、青海省"昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才"计划项目、青海省地质矿产勘查开发局高层次人才培养项目(编号:2023-3-18)联合资助. This study was supported by Shaanxi Province Outstanding Youth Fund Project(No.2022JC-16),Qinghai Province"Kunlun Talents·High Innovation and Entrepreneurial Talents"Programme Project,Qinghai Geological and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau High-level Talent Cultivation Project(No.2023-3-18). （编号:2022JC-16）
