康复学报2025，Vol.35Issue(1)：75-82,8.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1329.2025.01010
中老年慢性病患者生活满意度现状及其影响因素分析
Analysis of the Current Status and Influencing Factors of Life Satisfaction among Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients with Chronic Diseases
摘要
Abstract
Objective This study used the 2020 China health and retirement longitudinal study(CHARLS)data to explore the current status and influencing factors of life satisfaction among middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases aged 45 and above in China,in order to provide scientific basis for health management and reveal potential paths to improve their life satisfac-tion.Methods The latest 2020 wave 5 national survey data released by CHARLS was used,and 13 487 middle-aged and elderly pa-tients with chronic diseases over 45 years old were selected as the research subjects.Chronic disease data were collected using the question with the original questionnaire code da007;gender,age,education level,place of residence,living with a partner,number of chronic diseases,child satisfaction,number of social activities,smoking,alcohol consumption,pension insurance,medical insur-ance,basic activities of daily living(BADL),instrumental activities of daily living(IADL),nighttime sleep duration,and midday sleep duration were included as demographic variables.The life satisfaction of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases was collected using the original questionnaire code dc026.Results A total of 13 487 patients with chronic diseases were included.There were significant differences in life satisfaction among middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases in the following aspects:gender,age,education level,place of residence,whether living with partners,number of chronic diseases,child satisfaction,alcohol consumption,whether having pension insurance,whether having medical insurance,BADL impairment,IADL impairment,nighttime sleep duration and midday sleep duration(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the number of so-cial activities and whether smoking(P>0.05).Middle aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases suffered from a wide range of chronic diseases,with a probability over 50%for hypertension,stomach or other digestive system diseases.There were 3 914 middle-aged and elderly patients with one chronic disease,3 445 patients with two chronic diseases,2 468 patients with three chronic diseases,and 3 660 patients with four or more chronic diseases.A total of 1 232 patients were dissatisfied with their lives,and 12 255 patients were satisfied.The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that age range of 55-64 years(95%CI=0.49-0.77),65-74 years(95%CI=0.37-0.59),75-84 years(95%CI=0.28-0.46),and 85 years and above(95%CI=0.19-0.41),with a nighttime sleep dura-tion of 6-8 hours(95%CI=0.72-0.95)and≥8 h(95%CI=0.62-0.88),and a midday sleep duration of 1-2 hours(95%CI=0.65-0.86)and≥2 h(95%CI=0.56-0.86)were protective factors for life satisfaction among middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases(P<0.05);Living in rural areas(95%CI=0.65-0.89),not living with a partner(95%CI=1.39-1.81),having four or more chronic diseases(95%CI=1.17-1.64),being dissatisfied with children(95%CI=3.27-4.66),not having medical insurance(95%CI=1.22-2.04),im-paired BADL(95%CI=1.20-1.62),and impaired IADL(95%CI=1.26-1.70)were risk factors for life satisfaction among middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases(P<0.05).Conclusion Middle aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases in China have a high overall satisfaction with their lives.It is necessary from the perspective of family environment and social support to create a good family atmosphere,improve the medical security system,strengthen monitoring and intervention of mental health,and strive for the physical and mental health of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic disease.关键词
慢性病/生活满意度/中老年/CHARLS/影响因素Key words
chronic diseases/life satisfaction/middle aged and elderly/CHARLS/influencing factor引用本文复制引用
朱国辰,陈卓铭..中老年慢性病患者生活满意度现状及其影响因素分析[J].康复学报,2025,35(1):75-82,8.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2005700) （2020YFC2005700）
