中国妇幼健康研究2025，Vol.36Issue(3)：36-43,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5293.2025.03.006
青海省5岁以下儿童营养不良现况及影响因素分析
Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Qinghai Province
摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current situation of malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Qinghai Province and to explore the factors affecting the nutritional status of children.Methods From August 2022 to September 2023,8 374 children under the age of 5 were selected for the survey using the convenience sampling principle in Xining,Haidong,Haibei,Hainan,Haixi,Huangnan,Guoluo and Yushu Prefectures in Qinghai Province.A unified questionnaire was used to collect the basic information of the child,the mother's pregnancy,the main caregiver and the family,and the child's length(height)and weight were measured with a unified instrument.The Z-scores of height-for-age,weight-for-age,and weight-for-height(length)were calculated separately to assess the rates of stunting,underweight,wasting,overweight,and obesity in children.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting child malnutrition.Results A total of 1 952 cases(23.31％)were detected in this study,including 684 cases(8.17％)of children who were emaciated,469 cases(5.60％)who were overweight,208 cases(2.48％)who were obese,809 cases(9.66％)of growth retardation,and 285 cases(3.40％)of those who were underweight.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the gender of girl,older months,cesarean section of delivery,and college education level of the main caregiver were the protective factors for child malnutrition(OR values ranged from 0.647-0.877,P＜0.05),and low birth weight and family size belonged to non-single-child families as risk factors for child malnutrition(OR values ranged from 1.214-1.468,P＜0.05).Conclusion Children's nutrition should not be ignored,and individualized interventions should be carried out according to gender,birth weight,age in months,family size and other influencing factors to improve children's nutritional status.关键词
儿童/营养不良/消瘦/生长迟缓/低体重/影响因素Key words
children/malnutrition/wasting/growth retardation/underweight/influencing factor分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
赵海霞,曹海霞,张莲勋,李莉楠,刘丽韡,刘婧,郝尔娃..青海省5岁以下儿童营养不良现况及影响因素分析[J].中国妇幼健康研究,2025,36(3):36-43,8.基金项目
青海大学附属医院中青年科研基金项目(ASRF-2021-YB-12) （ASRF-2021-YB-12）
