南方农业学报2025，Vol.56Issue(1)：149-159,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2025.01.013
169份不同遗传背景玉米自交系的遗传多样性分析
Genetic diversity of 169 maize inbred lines with different genetic backgrounds
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To analyze the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of different maize inbred lines,which could provide theoretical reference for maize breeding practice in Guangxi.[Method]A total of 169 maize in-bred lines with different genetic backgrounds were used as materials,with 7 Guangxi backbone inbred lines and 3 back-bone inbred lines from other places in China were as control.The whole genome of maize inbred lines was scanned by 10K SNP maize chip.The genetic diversity and population genetic structure were analyzed by genetic similarity,phylo-geny,principal components and homology identification(IBD).[Result]A total of 7565 high-quality and available SNP molecular markers were identified,which were distributed across 10 chromosomes,with an average of 756 markers per chromosome.The detection rate of these markers was all above 97.12%,with an average detection rate of 99.57% .The heterozygosity rate of the 174 maize inbred lines ranged from 0.21% to 7.28%,with an average of 0.86% .Among them,144 maize inbred lines had a heterozygosity rate not exceeding 1.00%,while the heterozygosity rate of 5 maize inbred lines was relatively high(31.29% to 36.36% ).The genetic similarity among the 174 samples ranged from 0.486 to 0.999,with an average of 0.609.Among these,the 2 southwestern core inbred lines bred in Guangxi,B24(ZNC442)and CK_D2(Guangxi A10341),had average genetic similarity values of 0.642 and 0.629 with other materials respectively.The phylogenetic tree showed that the 179 maize inbred lines,including 10 reference inbred lines,were divided into 2 major groups:Reid group and the tropical/subtropical group.The Reid group contained 13 inbred lines,accounting for 7.26%,while the tropical/subtropical group contained 166 inbred lines,accounting for 92.74% .The tropical/subtropical group could be further divided into 7 subgroups,with the Suwan group and the CM group being the main ones,contai-ning 56 and 51 inbred lines respectively,accounting for 31.28% and 28.49% .The principal component analysis(PCA)re-sults showed that the clustering of maize inbred lines in PCA1v3 was basically consistent with the clustering results of the phylogenetic tree,clearly distinguishing the Reid group from the tropical/subtropical group.Most inbred lines in the tropi-cal/subtropical group were distributed near the reference inbred lines of the CM group and the Suwan group.The IBD clus-tering results showed that the Reid group,Suwan group,CM group and A group had 21,47,64 and 47 inbred lines re-spectively.The Venn diagram of phylogenetic analysis,principal component analysis and IBD grouping Venn diagram showed that the number of inbred lines shared by the Reid group,Suwan group,CM group and A group were 12,35,18 and 11 respectively.[Conclusion]The maize inbred lines in Guangxi have complex origin and similar genetic back-grounds.The classification results obtained from different analytical methods are not entirely consistent.Therefore,it is necessary to integrate breeding practice to conduct group classification.The southwest backbone maize inbred lines ZNC442 and Gui A10341 bred in Guangxi belong to A group.The best mating pattern is A group×Reid group,followed by A group×Suwan group and A group×CM group.关键词
玉米/遗传多样性/群体结构/SNP芯片Key words
maize/genetic diversity/population structure/SNP chips分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
邹成林,黄开健,黄爱花,莫润秀,翟瑞宁,杨萌,韦新兴..169份不同遗传背景玉米自交系的遗传多样性分析[J].南方农业学报,2025,56(1):149-159,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1201104) （2023YFD1201104）
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT015) National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1201104) （桂农科2021YT015）
Basic Re-search Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2021YT015) （Guinongke 2021YT015）
