贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(2)：53-58,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.02.007
家蚕种质资源特优性状新品系的创制与经济性状表现
Creation and Economic Trait Performance of New Lines of Silkworm Germplasm Resources with Especially Superior Characteristics
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]In order to improve the comprehensive economic characteristics of silkworm cross combination,new lines with excellent single economic characteristics were established for their parents,and double hybrid combinations of the same variety but different lines was formed by pairing.[Method]On the basis of maintaining the excellent cocoon silk traits of the hybridized combination of Shuxiu×Yuchun,the silkworm germplasm resources Shuxiu and Yuchun were selectively screened for improving reproductive capacity,healthiness,cocoon shell rate,and quality of cocoon filament through methods of targeted selection of healthiness,cocoon shell rate,and live cocoon reeling.[Result]Four new strains of Shuxiu A and Yuchun B with perfect healthiness,Shuxiu B and Yuchun A with high cocoon shell rate were bred successfully,which formed a new hybridized combination Shuxiu A·Shuxiu B×Yuchun A·Yuchun B.The instar duration of original seeds of double cross Shuxiu A×Shuxiu B and Yuchun A×Yuchun B were shorter than that of the original seeds of single cross Shuxiu and Yuchun,respectively.The larve-pupal survival rates were significantly higher than that of the original seeds of single cross,respectively.The weight of produced eggs of the single moth increased by 19.13% and 24.56%,respectively,compared to Shuxiu and Yuchun.Compared to Shuxiu×Yuchun,the larve-pupal survival rate and the cocoon crop per 10 000 four-instar silkworms of the formed new hybridized combination Shuxiu A·Shuxiu B×Yuchun A·Yuchun B significantly increased by 5.89 percentage points and 11.26%,respectively,and it had better silk traits such as reelability percentage,clean and raw silk weight per 10 000 four-instar silkworms.[Conclusion]Under the premise of maintaining the comprehensive economic characteristics of the original variety,targeted selection of healthiness and cocoon shell rate can achieve new strains with better single trait.Due to complementary economic traits of the new strains,the new hybridized combination performs the excellent traits of growing and developing quickly,healthy and easy to raise,fewer sick and weak silkworms,high individual survival rate,high cocoon production,and excellent cocoon silk quality.The targeted selection method is suitable for the cultivation of new strains with superior single trait of the parents of hybrid of single cross combinations of silkworms,which can provide excellent germplasm resource for forming new hybridized combinations with high production performance.关键词
家蚕/种质资源/新品系/茧层率/茧丝品质/材料创制/应用研究Key words
silkworm/germplasm resources/new lines/cocoon rate/silk quality/material creation/application research分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张友洪,肖文福,蒋亚明,邹邦兴,张宇靖,万林荣,粟思源,鲁成..家蚕种质资源特优性状新品系的创制与经济性状表现[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(2):53-58,6.基金项目
四川省"十四·五"农作物及畜禽育种攻关项目"突破性蚕桑麻育种材料和方法创新及新品种选育"(2021YFYZ0024) （2021YFYZ0024）
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项"国家蚕桑产业技术体系"(CARS-18) （CARS-18）
